Detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection and production of interleukin-2 by in vitro stimulation of badger lymphocytes

Southey, A.; Costello, Eamon; Gormley, Eamonn

doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(02)00129-0

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…IL‐2 mRNA expression was detected, but levels were lower at all granuloma stages measured in the lymph node sections compared with lesion‐free tissue. This cytokine has a role in proliferation of T cells, and the generation of an adaptive immune response to intracellular pathogens such as M. bovis requires clonal expansion of antigen‐specific T cells (Southey et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of IL-17A, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Early-Stage Granulomas Induced byMycobacterium bovisin Cattle

Aranday-Cortes

Bull

Villarreal‐Ramos

et al. 2012

Transbound Emerg Dis

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To gain further insight into the immunopathogenesis of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), the cytokine and chemokine expression of cattle experimentally infected with Mycobacterium bovis was analysed in TB granulomas, using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and laser capture microdissection (LCM) followed by qPCR. Immunohistochemistry was conducted for cell types using labelling for CD68, CD3, CD4, CD8, WC1 and CD79a and for the cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and TGF-β as well as inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). qPCR was conducted for mRNA expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-2, granzyme A and the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10. Early stages of granuloma were primarily comprised of epithelioid MΦs expressing high levels of IFN-γ and iNOS, with significantly upregulated expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 when compared with control tissue. These chemokines displayed a trend of decreasing mRNA expression as lesion progressed, suggesting a higher level of importance during the early stages of the immune response to mycobacterial infection. IL-22 levels showed a strong trend of decrease through granuloma development, and IL-17A was shown to be upregulated, supporting its investigation as a potential biomarker of bTB. The use of LCM and qPCR may prove especially useful for the study of IL-17A as previous attempts to analyse its expression using IHC and in situ hybridization proved unsuccessful.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of IL-17A, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Early-Stage Granulomas Induced byMycobacterium bovisin Cattle

Aranday-Cortes

Bull

Villarreal‐Ramos

et al. 2012

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Relatively little effort has been focused on the detection of cytokines other than IFNγ in wildlife species, as IFNγ appears to be the cytokine most associated with mycobacterial infection across species. However, one study of Eurasian badgers infected with M. bovis demonstrated that PPD‐B stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) caused the production of bioactive IL‐2 that could drive the blastogenesis of badger‐derived lymphoblasts in separate culture on transfer of supernatant (Southey et al., 2002). In another study, the production of TNFα by possum macrophages was measured using a bioassay based on lysis of actinomycin‐treated D‐treated L929 cells (Denis et al., 2005).…”

Section: Cellular Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Diagnosis and Study of Tuberculosis in Non-Bovine Wildlife Species Using Immunological Methods

Chambers¹

2009

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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The infection of a variety of free-ranging wildlife species with Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (TB), can cause problems for biodiversity and species conservation. In some notable cases, particular species act as a reservoir of infection that can spill over into domestic livestock with economic and zoonotic consequences. Immunological methods for the detection of TB infection in wildlife are important for diagnostic and research purposes, especially where post-mortem examination is neither feasible nor desirable. In this review, the approaches taken to the immunological study of TB in wildlife species are summarized, with particular emphasis on their suitability for different applications and their applicability to different species. Different approaches to improving diagnostic sensitivity are discussed together with factors that can confound the use of tests in certain situations. Caution in the interpretation of test results for TB in wildlife is encouraged, especially where it has not been possible to confirm the accuracy of the test.

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“…The LT assay was part of the blood tuberculosis (BTb) test developed to overcome the problems associated with skin testing and was used as an ancillary test for U.S. deer in the 1990s. 44 Difficulties associated with using these assays include (1) specific culture parameters need to be developed for each species, and (2) whole blood needs to be properly handled for accurate test results. 17 Assays that measure cytokine production, such as IFN-g and interleukin-2 (IL-2), appear to be more sensitive than skin tests.…”

Section: Current Diagnostic Methods For Tuberculosis In Zoo Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Diagnostic Methods for Tuberculosis in Zoo Animals

Miller¹

2008

Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine

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Detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection and production of interleukin-2 by in vitro stimulation of badger lymphocytes

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Upregulation of IL-17A, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Early-Stage Granulomas Induced byMycobacterium bovisin Cattle

Upregulation of IL-17A, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Early-Stage Granulomas Induced byMycobacterium bovisin Cattle

Review of the Diagnosis and Study of Tuberculosis in Non-Bovine Wildlife Species Using Immunological Methods

Current Diagnostic Methods for Tuberculosis in Zoo Animals

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