Detection of Multi-Drug Resistant Food-borne Bacteria in Ready-to-Eat Meat Products in Luxor City, Egypt

Abstract

A total of five Escherichia coli and eight Salmonella isolates were recovered from ready-to-eat meat samples obtained from different street vendors in Luxor city, Egypt. Bacterial isolates were assayed for antimicrobial susceptibility, its virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. The total number recovered positive Salmonella spp and E. coli were 8 (6.66%) and 5 (4.16%) respectively. All E. coli isolates were exhibited resistance against streptomycin and cephalothin. While all Salmonella isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid. PCR screening for virulence genes showed that 2 (40%) of the E. coli (O111:H4) serovar were positive for stx1, stx2, and eaeA. While Salmonella enteritidis, typhimurium, and virchow hold invA, hilA and stn genes with percentage of 37.5, 25 and 12.5% respectively. The identified tetracycline resistance gene for E. coli isolates were tetB (60%), tetC (20%) and tetD (20%). The β-lactamase resistance gene blaCTX was identified in 50% of Salmonella isolates represented by S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium and S. Virchow. The blaCMY genes were detected in S. typhimurium and S. infantis (37.5%). These results highlighted the role of ready-to-eat meat as a potential source for multidrugresistant strains of E. coli and Salmonella. The current results indicate the need for applying hygienic practices in food outlets-especially in street vendors-to reduce the incidence of foodborne bacteria and to prevent future food-borne outbreaks in the studied area.

Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates from grilled chicken meat sold at retail outlets in Erbil City, Kurdistan region, Iraq

“…In the present study, the prevalence of Salmonella in grilled chicken meat samples was 16/225 (7.1%, CI; 4.12% - 11.29%) (Table 1). These results are consistent with an Egyptian study in Luxor city which found that the isolation rate of Salmonella in ready-to-eat meat (RTE) samples was 6.67% (Younis et al ., 2019). However, a slightly lower rates were reported in Bangladesh (5%) and in Egypt (4.4%) where Salmonella prevalence in street food was 5 % (Abd- El–Malek, 2017; Khalif et al ., 2018).…”

“…For instance, a Korean study found S. Enteritidis to be the dominant serovar (57%). Furthermore, a recent Egyptian study found S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis serovars to constitute 62.5% of detected salmonellae in ready-to-eat meat samples (Younis et al ., 2019). It is wellknown that ecological distribution of Salmonella serovars are subjected to various environmental factors (Chousalkar & Gole, 2016).…”

Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens in Food Handlers Serving in Mass Catering Centers

“…The lower ndings were done in India with the contamination rates of AMR E. coli (42%), Salmonella (9%), and Shigella (3%) and Egypt with the contamination rate of AMR Salmonella spp and E. coli were 8 (6.66%) and 5 (4.16%), respectively (17). The difference might be due to the study area, personal hygiene of the food handlers, food safety awareness of the food handlers, and sanitation condition of the food serving area.…”

Safety of Street Foods in Developing Countries: An Overview from Pakistan

“…Street foods are infected with bacteria and other microorganisms, making them dangerous for consumers' health (19). Street sold meals show an important part in meeting the food supplies of numerous individuals in under developed countries, and cherished by customers for their diversity, affordability and availability.…”