Detection of Minchinia sp., in rock oysters Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778) using DNA probes

Bearham, Douglas; Spiers, Zoe B.; Raidal, Shane R.; Jones, J. B.; Nicholls, P.K.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2007.07.002

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Recent papers describing Bonamia sp. in the Asian oyster, C. ariakensis (Burreson et al 2004), M. occulta in the Sydney rock oyster, S. cuccullata (Bearham et al 2008b), and a Mikrocytos ‐like parasite in the flat oyster, O. edulis (Gagne et al 2008) all report that re‐examination of H&E‐stained slides after the parasite's presence was signaled by ISH or PCR revealed parasites missed in the initial screening. In contrast to M. mercenariae , these parasites were all detected because they caused mortality in the host and thus the causative agent was specifically being sought.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minchinia mercenariae n. sp. (Haplosporidia) in the Hard Clam Mercenaria mercenaria: Implications of a Rare Parasite in a Commercially Important Host

Ford

Stokes

Burreson

et al. 2009

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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During routine histopathology of 180 juvenile hard clams, Mercenaria mercenaria, from a site in Virginia, USA, in 2007, we discovered a single individual heavily infected with a parasite resembling a haplosporidian, some members of which cause lethal bivalve diseases. Scanning electron microscopy of spores and sequencing of small subunit ribosomal DNA confirmed a new species: Minchinia mercenariae n. sp. Further sampling of clams at the site found prevalences up to 38% using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). No parasites were found in routine histological screening of the same individuals, but re-examination of clams judged positive by in situ hybridization (ISH) revealed very faintly staining plasmodia. No unusual mortalities have occurred among the sampled groups. Analysis of clams from Massachusetts to Florida by PCR failed to detect the parasite, but a haplosporidian found in a clam from New Jersey in 2001 was subsequently identified by ISH as M. mercenariae. No other haplosporidians have been reported in thousands of hard clams from the US east coast examined histologically since the mid-1980s. The discovery underscores critical questions about how to assess the risks associated with parasites in groups known to be lethal, but that themselves are not considered a problem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minchinia mercenariae n. sp. (Haplosporidia) in the Hard Clam Mercenaria mercenaria: Implications of a Rare Parasite in a Commercially Important Host

Ford

Stokes

Burreson

et al. 2009

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…Minchinia are parasites of molluscs and crabs (Newman et al, 1976;Stokes et al, 1995;Bearham et al, 2008Bearham et al, , 2009. Previous records of Minchinia spp.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lineage-specific molecular probing reveals novel diversity and ecological partitioning of haplosporidians

et al. 2013

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Haplosporidians are rhizarian parasites of mostly marine invertebrates. They include the causative agents of diseases of commercially important molluscs, including MSX disease in oysters. Despite their importance for food security, their diversity and distributions are poorly known. We used a combination of group-specific PCR primers to probe environmental DNA samples from planktonic and benthic environments in Europe, South Africa and Panama. This revealed several highly distinct novel clades, novel lineages within known clades and seasonal (spring vs autumn) and habitatrelated (brackish vs littoral) variation in assemblage composition. High frequencies of haplosporidian lineages in the water column provide the first evidence for life cycles involving planktonic hosts, host-free stages or both. The general absence of haplosporidian lineages from all large online sequence data sets emphasises the importance of lineage-specific approaches for studying these highly divergent and diverse lineages. Combined with host-based field surveys, environmental sampling for pathogens will enhance future detection of known and novel pathogens and the assessment of disease risk.

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“…The success of ISH in detecting low levels of infection and immature stages of the parasite has also been reported for Bonamia exitiosa (Diggles et al, 2003) and Minchinia sp. (Bearham et al, 2008). Despite the many advantages of histology for detecting M. chungmuensis, its limited sensitivity is a critical shortfall for detecting early parasite invasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parasite identification and location were confirmed in adjacent sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin (Bearham et al, 2008).…”

Section: In Situ Hybridization Of Tissue Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of diagnostic methods for Marteilioides chungmuensis infections in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Choi

Hwang

Choi

et al. 2012

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Detection of Minchinia sp., in rock oysters Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778) using DNA probes

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Minchinia mercenariae n. sp. (Haplosporidia) in the Hard Clam Mercenaria mercenaria: Implications of a Rare Parasite in a Commercially Important Host

Minchinia mercenariae n. sp. (Haplosporidia) in the Hard Clam Mercenaria mercenaria: Implications of a Rare Parasite in a Commercially Important Host

Lineage-specific molecular probing reveals novel diversity and ecological partitioning of haplosporidians

A study of diagnostic methods for Marteilioides chungmuensis infections in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

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