Detection of Methicillin ResistantStaphylococcus aureusand Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Vancomycin forStaphylococcus aureusIsolated from Pus/Wound Swab Samples of the Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

Adhikari, Raghabendra; Pant, Narayan Dutt; Neupane, Sanjeev; Neupane, Mukesh; Bhattarai, Roshan Raj; Bhatta, Sabita; Chaudhary, Raina; Lekhak, Binod

doi:10.1155/2017/2191532

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In our study, the rate of inducible clindamycin resistance was found to be 22.4%, which was very high in comparison to the rates reported in previous studies by Ansari et al (12.4%) [13] and Adhikari et al (10%) [15] in Nepal. Such difference could be due to the difference in resistance patterns of S. aureus in different patient groups, hospitals, time periods and geographical locations [12].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antibiotic resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pus/wound swab samples in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

Belbase¹,

Pant

Nepal³

et al. 2017

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe increasing drug resistance along with inducible clindamycin resistance, methicillin resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus are present as the serious problems to the successful treatment of the infections caused by S. aureus. So, the main objectives of this study were to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns along with the rates of inducible clindamycin resistance, methicillin resistance and biofilm production among the strains of S. aureus isolated from pus/wound swab samples.MethodsA total of 830 non-repeated pus/wound swab samples were processed using standard microbiological techniques. The colonies grown were identified on the basis of colony morphology, Gram’s stain and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion technique. Detection of inducible clindamycin resistance was performed by D test, while detection of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was performed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration of oxacillin by agar dilution method. Similarly, detection of biofilm formation was performed by microtiter plate method. Strains showing resistance to three or more than three different classes of antibiotics were considered multidrug resistant.ResultsTotal 76 samples showed the growth of S. aureus, among which 36 (47.4%) contained MRSA and 17 (22.4%) samples were found to have S. aureus showing inducible clindamycin resistance. Among the S. aureus isolated from outpatients, 41.9% were MRSA. Highest rates of susceptibility of S. aureus were seen toward linezolid (100%) and vancomycin (100%). Similarly, S. aureus isolated from 35 (46.1%) samples were found to be biofilm producers. Higher rate of inducible clindamycin resistance was seen among MRSA in comparison to methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). Similarly, higher rates of multidrug resistance and methicillin resistance were found among biofilm producing strains in comparison to biofilm non producing strains.ConclusionsThe rate of isolation of MRSA from community acquired infections was found to be high in Nepal. Increased rate of inducible clindamycin resistance as compared to previous studies in Nepal was noted. So for the proper management of the infections caused by S. aureus, D test for the detection of inducible clindamycin resistance should be included in the routine laboratory diagnosis. Further, detection of biofilm production should also be included in the routine tests. Linezolid and vancomycin can be used for the preliminary treatment of the serious infections caused by S. aureus.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…In this study, due to lack of resources we could not use molecular methods to confirm our results but there are molecular methods like coagulase (coa) gene detection by polymerase chain reaction for identification of S. aureus [19] and detection of mecA gene for identification of methicillin resistant S. aureus [15]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pus/wound swab samples in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

Belbase¹,

Pant

Nepal³

et al. 2017

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, higher rates were reported by Kshetry et al (37.6%) [6], Sanjana et al (39.6%) [20], Dibah et al (46.3%) [21], and Tiwari et al (69.1%) [22]. In a recent study from Nepal, Adhikari et al also reported higher rate of MRSA in comparison to our study [23]. The difference in the rates of isolation of MRSA in different studies might be due to the difference in the level of irrational antibiotic use, level of hygienic condition maintained in different hospitals, and effective implementation of hand hygiene program.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Pus/Wound Swab Samples from Children Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

Rai¹,

Yadav

Pant

et al. 2017

International Journal of Microbiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Nepal, little is known about the microbiological profile of wound infections in children and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Total of 450 pus/wound swab samples collected were cultured using standard microbiological techniques and the colonies grown were identified with the help of biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates were detected by using cefoxitin disc and confirmed by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of oxacillin. 264 (59%) samples were culture positive. The highest incidence of bacterial infections was noted in the age group of less than 1 year (76%). Out of 264 growth positive samples, Gram-positive bacteria were isolated from 162 (61%) samples and Gram-negative bacteria were found in 102 (39%) samples. Staphylococcus aureus (99%) was the predominant Gram-positive bacteria isolated and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%) was predominant Gram-negative bacteria. About 19% of S. aureus isolates were found to be methicillin-resistant MIC of oxacillin ranging from 4 μg/mL to 128 μg/mL. Among the children of Nepal, those of age less than 1 year were at higher risk of wound infections by bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common bacteria causing wound infections in children.

show abstract

“…Multidrug-resistant strains limit the therapeutic options, creating an economic and social burden to the healthcare system. Horizontal gene transfer in the hospital setting is responsible for disseminating antibiotic resistant determinants [26]. Therefore, the determination of accurate antibiotic susceptibility pattern is very important in the clinical care of bacterial infections, especially in organisms that possess acquired resistance mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

Senanayake

Sally²,

Abeygunawardana

et al. 2020

Cey. J. Med. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has evolved as a serious threat to public health. Objectives:The objectives of the present study were to determine the antibiotics susceptibility patterns of S. aureus and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin to MRSA isolated from different clinical samples at the Colombo South Teaching Hospital (CSTH) in Sri Lanka. Methodology:A total 72 isolates of S. aureus, obtained from different clinical samples at the CSTH, from January to May 2017 were included in the study. S. aureus isolates were identified by Gram stain, colony morphology, catalase, slide/tube coagulase tests. The antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. MRSA isolates were detected using the cefoxitin (30 μg) disk diffusion test. Inducible clindamycin resistance (MLSB i) was detected by the disk approximation (D test) test. The vancomycin MICs were determined by the E-test method with a 0.5 McFarland standard inoculum. The MIC clinical breakpoints were defined according to the CLSI guidelines (susceptible, ≤2 μg/ml; intermediate, 4-8 μg/ml; and resistant, ≥16 μg/ml). Results:Of the 72 S. aureus clinical isolates, 29 (40.2%) were MRSA. Inducible clindamycin resistance was detected in 16% of the MRSA isolates. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin to the isolates of MRSA ranged from 0.125 μg/ml to 2 μg/ml. Conclusions:The rate of isolation of MRSA was high and it has emerged as a serious public health threat to Sri Lanka. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of all the MRSA isolates were ≤2 μg/ml. None of the MRSA isolates were found to be intermediate-sensitive or vancomycin resistant. Therefore, vancomycin can be used as the drug of choice for treatment of infections caused by MRSA.

show abstract

Detection of Methicillin ResistantStaphylococcus aureusand Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Vancomycin forStaphylococcus aureusIsolated from Pus/Wound Swab Samples of the Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

Cited by 55 publications

References 34 publications

Antibiotic resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pus/wound swab samples in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

Antibiotic resistance and biofilm production among the strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pus/wound swab samples in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Pus/Wound Swab Samples from Children Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

Minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin to methicillin resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About