Detection of Lead in Soil with Excimer Laser Fragmentation Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Choi, Jong Hyun; Damm, Christopher; O'Donovan, N. J.; Sawyer, Robert F.; Koshland, Catherine P.; Lucas, Donald

doi:10.1366/0003702053085052

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Recent studies show that many urban children have high blood Pb levels due to exposure of soil-borne Pb (figure 1). Small children are more susceptible to increased levels of Pb intake due to frequent hand-to-mouth behaviour (Mielke 1999) after playing in an environment with hazards such as elevated levels of Pb in house dust or yard soils (Bellinger 2004, Choi et al 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of heavy-metal contamination in soil using reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression

Pandit

Filippelli

2010

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Lead (Pb) poisoning from anthropogenic sources continues to threaten the health of urban children. Mapping Pb distribution on a large scale is imperative to identify hotspots and reduce Pb poisoning. To assess the feasibility of using reflectance spectroscopy to map soil Pb and other heavy metal abundance, the relationship between surface soil metal concentrations and hyperspectral reflectance measurements was examined via partial least-squares regression (PLSR) modelling. Soil samples were taken from four study sites. Metal concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic-emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) analysis, and reflectance was measured with an ASD (Analytical Spectral Devices) field spectrometer covering the spectral region of 350-2500 nm. Pb displayed an exponential decrease as a function of distance from the roadway, demonstrating the depositional patterns from leaded gas combustion which remain on the landscape 20 years after the phase-out of leaded gasoline. Calibration samples were used to derive the PLSR algorithm, and validation samples assessed the model's predictive ability. The correlation coefficients between the labdetermined abundance and the abundance predicted from PLSR calibration for all metals except copper were at or above 0.970, with the correlation coefficient for Pb the highest of all metals (0.992). Manganese, zinc and Pb had significant coefficients of determination (0.808, 0.760 and 0.746, respectively) for the validation samples. These results suggest that Pb and other heavy metal concentrations can be retrieved from spectral reflectance at high accuracy. Reflectance spectroscopy thus has potential to map the spatial distribution of Pb abundance with the aim of improving children's health in an urban environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of heavy-metal contamination in soil using reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression

Pandit

Filippelli

2010

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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“…24 We have observed laser-induced incandescence in our system when a 532 nm Nd:YAG laser at a similar fluence replaced the 193 nm source, and a plasma was observed when 193 nm light was used to ablate or fragment a solid surface containing lead. 25 The signal from 193 nm photons scattered from the particles is too small to use as a quantitative measure of particle disintegration. In addition, the scattered signal is not easily interpreted; changes in the signal are difficult to ascribe to changes in morphology or particle size and mass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soot particle disintegration and detection by two-laser excimer laser fragmentation fluorescence spectroscopy

et al. 2005

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A two-laser technique is used to study laser-particle interactions and the disintegration of soot by high-power UV light. Two separate 20 ns laser pulses irradiate combustion-generated soot nanoparticles with 193 nm photons. The first laser pulse, from 0 to 14.7 J/cm2, photofragments the soot particles and electronically excites the liberated carbon atoms. The second laser pulse, held constant at 13 J/cm2, irradiates the remaining particle fragments and other products of the first laser pulse. The atomic carbon fluorescence at 248 nm produced by the first laser pulse increases linearly with laser fluence from 1 to 6 J/cm2. At higher fluences the signal from atomic carbon saturates. The carbon fluorescence from the second laser pulse decreases as the fluence from the first laser increases, suggesting that the particles fully disintegrate at high laser fluences. We use an energy balance parameter, called the photon/atom ratio, to aid in understanding laser-particle interactions. These results help define the regimes where photofragmentation fluorescence methods quantitatively measure total soot concentrations.

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“…An increasing number of studies report suitable signs of lead-induced neurological and/or behavioral effects in children starting at about 10 ug/dL or less, in the range of 30-40 ug/dL the population effects being clearer, [2]. The claims by some researchers with special interests that neurobehavioral performance is effected by lead, and the effects are longlasting and may not have a threshold value especially heme synthesis, and fetal development, [4].…”

Section: Lead Exposure Levels Of Health Concernmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The injury depending on age, socioeconomic status, the population of a given community and race, [1]. Long-term exposure to the lead may contribute to elevated blood Pb levels, especially in young children, who are more susceptible to elevated Pb concentrations in dust and soil because of their repetition of hand-to-mouth and pica behavior, [2]. The negative health effects associated with the element include the development of inhibited brain and hematological effects, like anemia [3], due to Pb that accumulating in the kidney, liver, teeth and bones, [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IEUBK Model to Calculate the Lead Concentration in Blood Children of the Environment which Effect by Lead Emission: Empirical Comparisons with Epidemiologic Data: Developing a Human Health Risk Model to Quantify the Risk Posed by Soil Pb

Al-lami

Sultan

Maliki

et al. 2018

ANJS

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For decades, human health was threaten (especially that of children) by what considered as a potential sources of lead exposure which are: lead-contaminated water, soil, and air. The proposed of the research involve developing an integrated exposure, uptake, and biokinetic (IEUBK) model as a human health risk model to predict the blood lead levels BLL in children. The data set of this project for human health risk posed by Pb contamination in air, water and soil were obtained from previous study achieved in 2014 which carried out on 108 school children (School children in rural areas (n=76 child) and School children in urban areas (n=32child) matched for age. The environmental samples demonstrated that the concentration of lead for air and soil exceeded the international acceptable threshold values. However, the concentration of lead in water was below the threshold value. The BLL value from currently result of IEUBK model was above the agency's threshold of concern, 10 μg/dL which was documented as children's BLL lowest level of concern. This predicted values result of BLL was in agreement with actual value of BLL in blood samples of school children for the chosen study. Also, the results of this research confirmed that the high BLL could be attributed to the high lead level in both air and soil of contaminate environment.

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Detection of Lead in Soil with Excimer Laser Fragmentation Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Estimation of heavy-metal contamination in soil using reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression

Estimation of heavy-metal contamination in soil using reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression

Soot particle disintegration and detection by two-laser excimer laser fragmentation fluorescence spectroscopy

IEUBK Model to Calculate the Lead Concentration in Blood Children of the Environment which Effect by Lead Emission: Empirical Comparisons with Epidemiologic Data: Developing a Human Health Risk Model to Quantify the Risk Posed by Soil Pb

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