Detection of Key Proteins in Obstetric Preeclampsia by Nanocomposites Using Gold Nanoparticles/ DNA/Methylene Blue

Abstract

As a nuclear transcription factor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) can be used in gene transcription regulation, apoptosis regulation, immune response and other life activities. However, the biological characteristics of CREB are controlled by its phosphorylation level. The surface of gold electrode is modified by DNA sequence of capture probe containing specific and high affinity binding sites of CREB. Then, the methylene blue (MB) solution is added into the gold nanoparticle/DNA complex. The composite nanomaterials, namely gold nanoparticles/DNA/MB, are obtained by inserting MB into DNA molecules. The nanomaterials are used as signal markers, and the phosphorylation sites are specifically labeled by Zr4+-mediated nanocomposite beacons. It is used to detect the phosphorylation level of CREB in placenta of preeclampsia pregnant women. In the experiment, the phosphorylated CREB can be fully modified on the surface of gold nanoprobe electrode after incubating for 130 min. The optimal incubation time between nanocomposite beacon and targeted protein electrode is 60 min. Based on this method, the development trend of CREB phosphorylation level is obtained. Comparing the phosphorylation level of CREB in preeclampsia pregnant women and normal pregnant women, it can be seen that the phosphorylation level of CREB in preeclampsia pregnant women is significantly increased. The designed nanocomposites have good sensitivity and specificity for the phosphorylation level of CREB, which can help to analyze and study the protein phosphorylation level of patients under physiological and pathological conditions.

Conductometric and Fluorescence Probe Analysis to Investigate the Interaction between Bioactive Peptide and Bile Salts: A Micellar State Study

“…To facilitate discerning between these interactions, a logical acquaintance of solution behavior of such chemical constituents makes it possible to extend a more general idea of association and stability of bio-molecules such as amino acids, peptides, proteins, drugs, carbohydrates etc. in aqueous solutions [ 4 , 5 ]. It is therefore also a step closer to understanding protein self-aggregation, which perhaps is the reason behind several biological interactions.…”

3-Mercaptopropyl Trimethoxysilane @ Gadolinium Oxide Nanoprobes: An Effective Fluorescence-Sensing Platform for Cysteine

“…The biologically active small thiols, such as cysteine (Cys), execute several biochemical activities, including fabrication of DNA, transmission of signals across the cells and protein folding in living beings [1][2][3][4]. The enzymatic posttranslational changes, bio-stimulations via catalysis, and detoxification of harmful toxins from living systems are also maintained by the application of Cys in human beings [4,5].The prevailing anti-oxidative properties of Cys have made it an effective component for the entrapment of reactive oxygen species in the living system [6]. Around 240-300 µm concentration of Cys in human plasma is required for the proper functioning of biological processes [5].…”

“…Around 240-300 µm concentration of Cys in human plasma is required for the proper functioning of biological processes [5]. Any kind of abnormality in Cys levels can lead to a series of disorders, including retarded growth in toddlers, damaging of skin and liver, depigmentation of hair, cardiovascular problems, tiredness, edema and decreasing levels of muscle and fat in the living system [4,7,8]. On the other hand, neurotoxicity has been observed due to the presence of excessive amounts of Cys in the living system [9].Therefore, the accurate identification of Cys provides an effective way to treat several associated diseases via early diagnosis [4].…”

“…Any kind of abnormality in Cys levels can lead to a series of disorders, including retarded growth in toddlers, damaging of skin and liver, depigmentation of hair, cardiovascular problems, tiredness, edema and decreasing levels of muscle and fat in the living system [4,7,8]. On the other hand, neurotoxicity has been observed due to the presence of excessive amounts of Cys in the living system [9].Therefore, the accurate identification of Cys provides an effective way to treat several associated diseases via early diagnosis [4]. At present, different types of analytical methods, including chromatographic analysis, capillary electrophoresis, highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and electrochemical-and colorimetric-based methods, have been utilized for the detection of Cys [7,[10][11][12][13].…”