Detection of intraocular <i>Leptospira</i> spp. by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in horses with recurrent uveitis in Belgium

Sauvage, Aurélie; Monclin, Sébastien; Elansary, Mahmoud; Hansen, Pascale; Grauwels, Magda

doi:10.1111/evj.13012

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The horse with uveitis was seronegative to all serovars tested. However, the involvement of Leptospira cannot be excluded since it has been proved that serology alone may not be able to diagnose Leptospira-associated uveitis [4,[26][27][28]. Interestingly, there were no seropositive animals for serovar Grippotyphosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospira Seroprevalence in Bardigiano Horses in Northern Italy

Vera

Taddei

Cavirani

et al. 2019

Animals

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A cross-sectional study was carried out in Bardigiano horses in the Province of Parma, Northern Italy, to assess the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. and to investigate risk factors associated with the infection. A representative sample of 134 horses from 43 farms was selected by stratified systematic randomization. Blood sera were examined by MAT for the presence of antibodies against seven Leptospira serovars. Ninety animals (67.2%; 95% Confidence Interval 63.2–71.1) and 41 farms (95.3%; 95% CI 92.2–98.5%) were found positive to at least one of the serovars. The most frequently detected reactions were against serovar Bratislava (41.8%), followed by Canicola (36.6%), Tarassovi (28.4%), Copenhageni (17.9%), Pomona (10.4%) and Hardjo (2.2%). None of the sera reacted against serovar Grippothyphosa. Forty-eight horses (53.3% of the seropositives) were positive for more than one serovar and 21 (15.7% of the seropositives) had serum titres ≥ 1000. Bratislava was the serovar providing the highest antibody titres. Prevalence was significantly higher between adult horses and in farms lacking rodent control (p = 0.006 and p = 0.025, respectively). No significant gender or housing-related difference in seroprevalence was found. The anamnestic data suggest that the infection in Bardigiano horses is subclinical in most of the cases. The high seroprevalence indicates that Bardigiano horses living in the investigated area are at high risk of exposure and infection by Leptospira spp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospira Seroprevalence in Bardigiano Horses in Northern Italy

Vera

Taddei

Cavirani

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved 2018b; Spangler et al, 2020;Le Guyader et al, 2020), horses (Pearce et al, 2007;Hamond et al, 2015;Erol et al, 2015;Sauvage et al, 2019), sheep (Fang et al, 2015;Vallée et al, 2015;Benkirane et al, 2016) and swine (Verma et al, 2015). A high sensitivity has been achieved using diverse clinical specimens (urine, blood, ocular tissues, vaginal fluid, kidney) and different molecular targets (lipL32, rrs, secY, gyrB) (Table S1).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved lipL32-PCR was also applied to horses and clinical samples include urine (Hamond et al, 2012b;Hammond et al, 2014;Pinna et al, 2014), vaginal fluid and ocular fluid (Sauvage et al, 2019). Potential for venereal transmission has been proposed on sheep after lipL32-PCR detection of pathogenic Leptospira on vaginal fluid of a clinically healthy ewe (Director et al, 2014).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

An overview on the molecular diagnosis of animal leptospirosis

Azevedo

Lilenbaum

2021

Lett Appl Microbiol

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The most common presentation of animal leptospirosis is the subclinical and silent chronic form, that can lead to important reproductive disorders. The diagnosis of this chronic form remains a challenge. The aim of the present study is to gather and critically analyse the current information about molecular tools applied to animal leptospirosis diagnosis, particularly the silent chronic presentation of the infection. Regarding clinical specimens, samples from urinary tract were the most used (69/102, 67·7%), while few studies (12/102, 11·8%) investigated samples from reproductive tract. Concerning the molecular methods applied, the most used is still the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (46/102, 45%), followed by real‐time PCR (38/102, 37·2%). The lipL32 gene is currently the most common target used for Leptospira detection, with 48% of studies applying this genetic marker. From all the studies, only few (21/102, 20·5%) performed gene sequencing. According to the majority of authors, current evidence suggests that lipL32‐PCR is useful for an initial screening for Leptospira DNA detection in animal clinical samples. Posteriorly, if DNA sequencing could be performed on positive lipL32‐PCR samples, we encourage the use of secY gene as a genetic marker. The molecular methods appear as the most important tools for the diagnosis of the chronic silent leptospirosis on domestic animals, reinforcing its evident impact not only on animal reproduction but also on a One Health context.

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“…In contrast, Leptospira‐associated ERU in Belgium was reported as 30.3% of ERU cases by Sauvage et al 17 This study differed slightly from the UK study and therefore direct comparison of these rates is perhaps not appropriate. In this study, aqueous and vitreous samples from ERU affected eyes were compared with control eyes using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify Leptospira in ocular fluids, rather than microagglutination antibody testing (MAT) used in the UK study, and a C‐value therefore not calculated and used as the definition of Leptospira‐associated ERU.…”

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confidence: 59%