Detection of Interstellar Methylamine

Kaifu, Norio; Morimoto, Manabu; Nagane, K.; Akabane, K.; Iguchi, Tetsuo; Takagi, Kojiro

doi:10.1086/181569

Cited by 142 publications

(122 citation statements)

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“…Some previous success in synthesizing glycine in the gas phase was reported by Blagojevic et al involving reactions of the ions NH 2,3OH ϩ with© acetic© acid© [20];© however,© the© interstellar importance of NH 2,3 OH ϩ is not known since it has not been observed directly nor has its reactivity with molecular hydrogen been investigated to our knowledge. The ions NH 3,4 ϩ have interstellar significance, however, since© NH 3 ϩ reacts slowly with molecular hydrogen in forming NH 4 ϩ , and this is a terminal ion in the presence of©molecular©hydrogen©as©is©HCNH ϩ© [21].©NH 4 ϩ is known to associate with various neutrals via a ternary reaction©in©one©of©several©possible©mechanisms© [15]. Further reactivities of the associated products observed in this study may shed additional light on the mechanism of these associations and on their prospects for synthesizing amino acids by subsequent reactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The LPIS was used to produce the ions NH ϩ , NH 2 ϩ , and NH 3 ϩ from NH 3 (Ammonia, Matheson, anhydrous) and HCNH ϩ from CH 3 NH 2 (Methylamine, anhydrous, Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI). The HPIS was used to produce NH 4 ϩ from NH 3 . After production and mass selection, the ions were then focused by a series of lens elements through a 1 mm orifice and into the flow tube.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that the dimerization of acetic©acid©was©accounted©for© [18]©in©reporting©rate coefficients for the switching reactions. The ternary reactions with NH 4 ϩ proceeded by successively associating one then two neutrals, X,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, efforts were made to minimize the presence of NH 4 ϩ before proceeding with the switching reactions. The second gas (Y) was added to the flow sufficiently downstream from the addition of X so that the optimum levels of eq 1 or eq 2 were maintained and eq 3 or eq 4 could then be studied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date over 140 interstellar and circumstellar©molecules©have©been©identified© [3]©and©the©list©of molecules will undoubtedly continue to grow as more powerful telescopes and interferometer arrays are built and utilized. In recent years, spectroscopic studies of hot-core star forming regions such as the heterogeneous region Sagittarius B2 have led to the discovery of many organic© compounds© including© methylamine© [4],© acetic acid© [5],© methyl© formate© [6],© formic© acid© [7],© ethylene oxide© [1],© and© propenal© [2].© One© study© even© proposed the© detection© of© the© spectral© fingerprint© of© glycine© [8], the simplest amino acid, in these hot-core regions, but this©claim©was©later©disputed© [9].©Regardless©of©the authenticity of the glycine detection, it may be possible to synthesize glycine or other amino acids via ionmolecule reactions from various ions and neutrals found in these or other regions of space. If synthesized, these amino acids or amino acid precursors could be collected and deposited onto planets by meteorites or comets as the star systems further develop, thus planting© the© seeds© of© life© [10© -13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ion-molecule reactions of several ions with ethylene oxide and propenal in a selected ion flow tube

Jackson

Adams

Babcock

2007

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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The selected ion flow tube (SIFT) technique has been used to investigate the ion-molecule reactions of several ions with the neutral molecules ethylene oxide, CH 2 OCH 2 -c, and propenal, CH 2 CHCHO. Both molecules have been identified in hot-core star forming regions [1, 2]© and have significance to astrochemical models of the interstellar (ISM) and circumstellar medium (CSM). Moreover, the molecules contain functional groups, such as the epoxide group (ethylene oxide) and an aldehyde group, which are part of a conjugated -electron system (propenal) whose reactivities have not been studied in detail in gas-phase ion-molecule reactions. The larger recombination energy ions, Ar ϩ and N 2 ϩ , were reacted with the neutrals to give insight into general fragmentation tendencies. These reactions proceeded via dissociative charge-transfer yielding major fragmentation products of CH 3 ϩ and HCO ϩ for ethylene oxide and CH 2 CH ϩ and HCO ϩ for propenal. The amino acids glycine and alanine are of particular interest to astrobiology, especially if they can be synthesized in the gas phase. In an attempt to synthesize amino acid precursors, ethylene oxide and propenal were reacted with NH n ϩ (n ϭ 1-4) and HCNH ϩ . As might be expected from the proton detachment energies, NH ϩ , NH 2 ϩ , and HCNH ϩ reacted via proton transfer. NH 3 ϩ reacted with each molecule via H-atom abstraction to produce NH 4 ϩ , and NH 4 ϩ reacted via a ternary association. All binary reactions proceeded near the gas kinetic rate. Several associated molecule switching reactions were performed and implications of these reactions to the structures of the association products are discussed Ikeda et al. and Hollis et al. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2007, 18, 445-452)

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