Detection of infrasonic water oscillations by copepodids of <i>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</i> (Copepoda Caligida)

Heuch, Peter Andreas; Karlsen, Erik Hove

doi:10.1093/plankt/19.6.735

Cited by 71 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This is less than the peak velocities observed in laboratory experiments (Heuch & Karlsen 1997), and is about 1 body length s −1 of nauplii I, and represents a reasonable sustained swimming speed (Kiørboe et al 2010). Vertical swimming was only directed up towards the surface when triggered by light and down when triggered by low salinities, but could be directed both up and down for temperature-controlled salmon lice.…”

Section: Vertical Swimming Abilitymentioning

confidence: 58%

Vertical salmon lice behaviour as a response to environmental conditions and its influence on regional dispersion in a fjord system

Johnsen¹,

Fiksen²,

Sandvik³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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The salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis is a major parasite of salmon, and is able to travel between farms during its pelagic phases. We investigated the spatial dispersion of L. salmonis planktonic stages in the Hardangerfjord, Norway, using an individual-based model and a fjord circulation model. The models allowed us to investigate how assumptions about swimming responses to environmental cues affect vertical distribution, development and horizontal transport. The rules governing vertical distributions include passive particles remaining fixed at constant depths, but also prescribed responses of active particles to environmental cues such as ambient light level, salinity and temperature. Horizontal dispersion was affected by the vertical distribution scheme (rules) of the particles (each representing an individual planktonic-stage L. salmonis). When particles were held fixed in the surface layer, the horizontal dispersion and the area potentially affected by a source of lice decreased relative to the distribution that was predicted when lice had vertical migration behaviours. The simulations also showed that swimming triggered by both light and temperature may result in a diel migration pattern. If the particles sought out the warmest areas during juvenile stages, development to the infectious stage was reduced by up to 1 d. Better information is required on the actual response of lice to a set of vertical environmental factors to improve predictions of lice dispersal in fjords.

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Section: Vertical Swimming Abilitymentioning

confidence: 58%

Vertical salmon lice behaviour as a response to environmental conditions and its influence on regional dispersion in a fjord system

Johnsen¹,

Fiksen²,

Sandvik³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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“…Turbulence affects many well-studied aspects of larval life cycles, including external fertilization, predation and settlement fluxes (Abelson and Denny, 1997;Kiørboe, 2011;Crimaldi and Zimmer, 2014); in contrast, waves have better-known influences on benthic organisms (Denny, 1988). Accelerations have been explored as a sensory cue only in the context of organism-induced vibrations (Lang, 1980;Heuch and Karlsen, 1997;Kiørboe et al, 1999), and wave motions have only recently been investigated as a habitat characteristic for larvae outside the surf zone (Reidenbach et al, 2009;Koehl et al, 2013). Both deformations and accelerations are largest in the surf zone, but these signals have unique joint distributions in other seascapes: in sheltered inlets and estuaries, large deformations can occur with small accelerations, whereas on the continental shelf and open ocean, small deformations can occur with large accelerations (H.L.F.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic sensing and behavior by oyster larvae in turbulence and waves

Fuchs

Gerbi

Hunter

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Hydrodynamic signals from turbulence and waves may provide marine invertebrate larvae with behavioral cues that affect the pathways and energetic costs of larval delivery to adult habitats. Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) live in sheltered estuaries with strong turbulence and small waves, but their larvae can be transported into coastal waters with large waves. These contrasting environments have different ranges of hydrodynamic signals, because turbulence generally produces higher spatial velocity gradients, whereas waves can produce higher temporal velocity gradients. To understand how physical processes affect oyster larval behavior, transport and energetics, we exposed larvae to different combinations of turbulence and waves in flow tanks with (1) wavy turbulence, (2) a seiche and (3) rectilinear accelerations. We quantified behavioral responses of individual larvae to local instantaneous flows using twophase, infrared particle-image velocimetry. Both high dissipation rates and high wave-generated accelerations induced most larvae to swim faster upward. High dissipation rates also induced some rapid, active dives, whereas high accelerations induced only weak active dives. In both turbulence and waves, faster swimming and active diving were achieved through an increase in propulsive force and power output that would carry a high energetic cost. Swimming costs could be offset if larvae reaching surface waters had a higher probability of being transported shoreward by Stokes drift, whereas diving costs could be offset by enhanced settlement or predator avoidance. These complex behaviors suggest that larvae integrate multiple hydrodynamic signals to manage dispersal tradeoffs, spending more energy to raise the probability of successful transport to suitable locations.

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“…L. salmonis can detect a range of environmental and host-related stimuli, e.g. pressure/moving water, light, salinity, temperature and semiochemicals (Wootten et al 1982, Bron et al 1993, Heuch & Karlsen 1997, Devine et al 2000, Ingvarsdóttir et al 2002a,b, Luntz 2003, Beamish et al 2005, Bailey et al 2006. Visual cues, such as a decrease in light intensity resulting from shadows of fish swimming overhead, would operate at long range, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoreception in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis: an electrophysiology approach

Fields

Weissburg²,

Browman³

2007

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The search for effective and long-term solutions to the problems caused by salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837) has increasingly included biological/ecological mechanisms to combat infestation. One aspect of this work focuses on the host-associated stimuli that parasites use to locate and discriminate a compatible host. In this study we used electrophysiological recordings made directly from the antennule of adult lice to investigate the chemosensitivity of L salmonis to putative chemical attractants from fish flesh, prepared by soaking whole fish tissue in seawater. There was a clear physiological response to whole fish extract (WFX) with threshold sensitivity at a dilution of 10 -4. When WFX was size fractionated, L. salmonis showed the greatest responses to the water-soluble fractions containing compounds between 1 and 10 kDa. The results suggest that the low molecular weight, water-soluble compounds found in salmon flesh may be important in salmon lice host choice.

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Detection of infrasonic water oscillations by copepodids of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda Caligida)

Cited by 71 publications

References 21 publications

Vertical salmon lice behaviour as a response to environmental conditions and its influence on regional dispersion in a fjord system

Vertical salmon lice behaviour as a response to environmental conditions and its influence on regional dispersion in a fjord system

Hydrodynamic sensing and behavior by oyster larvae in turbulence and waves

Chemoreception in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis: an electrophysiology approach

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