Detection of IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with autoimmune diseases

Teng, Jialin; Dai, Jin; Su, Yutong; Zhou, Zhongzheng; Chi, Huihui; Wan, Lei; Meng, Jianfen; Wang, Zhihong; Wang, Fan; Ma, Yuning; Hu, Qiongyi; Cheng, Xiaobing; Liu, Honglei; Ye, Junna; Shi, Hui; Sun, Yue; Yang, Chengde; Wang, Xuefeng

doi:10.1016/s2665-9913(20)30128-4

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Since it is well-known that ANA screening can be false positive in severely ill patients or patients who undergo ICU treatment, a possible epiphenomenon has to be discussed very frankly. According to a recent publication, a there is no cross-reactivity between anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM and CTD-associated autoantibodies ( 32 ). However, to enhance test validity in the present study, we a) doubled the recommended threshold for ANA screening ( 9 ) from 1:160 to 1:320 and b) performed additional immunoblot for specific ENA in all patients, thus adding an independent methodological approach combining high sensitivity and specificity ( 16 , 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Serological, and Histopathological Similarities Between Severe COVID-19 and Acute Exacerbation of Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (CTD-ILD)

et al. 2020

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Background and Objectives Understanding the pathophysiology of respiratory failure in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is indispensable for development of therapeutic strategies. Since we observed similarities between COVID-19 and interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease (CTD-ILD), we investigated features of autoimmunity in SARS-CoV-2-associated respiratory failure. Methods We prospectively enrolled 22 patients with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 10 patients with non-COVID-19-associated pneumonia. Full laboratory testing was performed including autoantibody (AAB; ANA/ENA) screening using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblot. Fifteen COVID-19 patients underwent high-resolution computed tomography. Transbronchial biopsies/autopsy tissue samples for histopathology and ultrastructural analyses were obtained from 4/3 cases, respectively. Results Thirteen (59.1%) patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and five patients (22.7%) died from the disease. ANA titers ≥1:320 and/or positive ENA immunoblots were detected in 11/13 (84.6%) COVID-19 patients with ARDS, in 1/9 (11.1%) COVID-19 patients without ARDS (p = 0.002) and in 4/10 (40%) patients with non-COVID-19-associated pneumonias (p = 0.039). Detection of AABs was significantly associated with a need for intensive care treatment (83.3 vs. 10%; p = 0.002) and occurrence of severe complications (75 vs. 20%, p = 0.03). Radiological and histopathological findings were highly heterogeneous including patterns reminiscent of exacerbating CTD-ILD, while ultrastructural analyses revealed interstitial thickening, fibroblast activation, and deposition of collagen fibrils. Conclusions We are the first to report overlapping clinical, serological, and imaging features between severe COVID-19 and acute exacerbation of CTD-ILD. Our findings indicate that autoimmune mechanisms determine both clinical course and long-term sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the presence of autoantibodies might predict adverse clinical course in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Serological, and Histopathological Similarities Between Severe COVID-19 and Acute Exacerbation of Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (CTD-ILD)

et al. 2020

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“…A case study of two patients with MS treated with ocrelizumab both failed to mount an immune response at 6 and 7 weeks after symptom onset [ 60 ]. Importantly, the presence of autoimmune diseases and potentially cross reacting antibodies does not seem to effect the specificity of serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 [ 50 , 54 , 61 ]. Further studies are needed to confirm the time to seropositivity in this potentially at-risk population and the sensitivity of commercially available assays in immunosuppressed patients.…”

Section: Serology For Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 pandemic

Parikh

Farnsworth

2021

Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology

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“…IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 in the frozen reserved fasting serum samples were detected using the diagnostic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The diagnostic kits used for Ningbo patients and Zhoushan patients were manufactured by Innovita Biological Technology (Tangshan, China) and Nanjing Wending Biotech Company (Nanjing, China), respectively [15]. Brie y, testing results were determined by the color reaction.…”

Section: Detection Of Antibodies Against Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological feature, viral shedding, and antibody seroconversion among asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers and symptomatic/ presymptomatic COVID-19 patients

Chen

Ding

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is pandemic. However, data concerning the epidemiological features, viral shedding, and antibody dynamics between asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers and COVID-19 patients remain controversial. Methods A total of 193 subjects in Ningbo and Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China, were enrolled in this study from January 21 to March 6, 2020. All subjects were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and then followed up to monitor the dynamics of serum antibody immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) against SARS-CoV-2 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Scatter diagram to demonstrate the distribution of IgM and IgG among asymptomatic carriers and COVID-19 patients were generated by R. Results Of the 193 subjects, 31 were asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers, 149 were symptomatic COVID-19 patients, and 14 were COVID-19 patients during the incubation. Compared to symptomatic COVID-19 patients, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers were younger and had higher levels of white blood cell and lymphocyte, lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and viral load, and shorter viral shedding time. Seroconversion of IgM against SARS-CoV-2 from positive to negative in asymptomatic carriers took 7.50 (IQR, 4.75–11.50) days, which was significantly shorter than 25.50 (IQR, 6.75–56.75) days in COVID-19 patients (P = 0.030). The proportion of those persistently seropositive for IgG against SARS-CoV-2 was higher in COVID-19 patients than in asymptomatic carriers (66.1% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.037). Viral load was higher in symptomatic than presymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Viral shedding was longer in presymptomatic COVID-19 patients than in asymptomatic carriers. In 4 familial clusters of SARS-CoV-2 infection, asymptomatic carriers were mainly children and young adults while severe COVID-19 was mainly found in family members older than 60 years with underlying diseases. Asymptomatic carriers acquired infection more from intra-familial transmission than did COVID-19 patients (89% vs. 61%, P = 0.028). Conclusion Asymptomatic carriers might have a higher antiviral immunity to clear SARS-CoV-2 than symptomatic COVID-19 patients and this antiviral immunity might not be contributable to humoral immunity. The severity of COVID-19 is associated with older age and underlying diseases in familial clustering cases.

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Detection of IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with autoimmune diseases

Abstract: Long-term survival rate in patients with acute respiratory failure treated with noninvasive ventilation in ordinary wards.

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Clinical, Serological, and Histopathological Similarities Between Severe COVID-19 and Acute Exacerbation of Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (CTD-ILD)

Clinical, Serological, and Histopathological Similarities Between Severe COVID-19 and Acute Exacerbation of Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (CTD-ILD)

Laboratory evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 pandemic

Epidemiological feature, viral shedding, and antibody seroconversion among asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers and symptomatic/ presymptomatic COVID-19 patients

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