DETECTION OF BARTONELLA SP. IN DEER LOUSE FLIES (LIPOPTENA MAZAMAE) ON GRAY BROCKET DEER (MAZAMA GOUAZOUBIRA) IN THE NEOTROPICS

Souza, Ugo Araújo; Dall’Agnol, Bruno; Michel, Thais; Webster, Anelise; Klafke, Guilherme Marcondes; Martins, João Ricardo; Kasper, Carlos Benhur; Trigo, Tatiane Campos; Ott, Ricardo; Jardim, Márcia Maria de Assis; Reck, José

doi:10.1638/2016-0058r3.1

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Since then, it has been reported that Bartonella bacteria are prevalent also in the keds collected from red deer and roe deer in Hungary [14] and Poland [27] and from moose in Norway [28]. Likewise, Bartonella DNAs were detected from both wingless L. cervi (83.3%) [13] and wingless L. mazamae (28.9%) collected from white-tailed deer in the USA [29], and from 100% of wingless L. mazamae collected from gray brocket deer in Brazil [30]. These epidemiological data show that Lipoptena keds harbor high levels of Bartonella bacteria and are likely to play an important role in transmitting the bacteria between various deer species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Lipoptena fortisetosa as a vector of Bartonella bacteria in Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon)

et al. 2021

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Background Two species of deer ked (Lipoptena cervi and L. mazamae) have been identified as vectors of Bartonella bacteria in cervids in Europe and the USA. In an earlier study we showed that Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon) harbor three Bartonella species, namely B. capreoli (lineage A) and two novel Bartonella species (lineages B and C); however, there is currently no information on the vector of Bartonella bacteria in sika deer. The aim of this study was to clarify potential vectors of Bartonella in Japanese sika deer. Methods Thirty-eight wingless deer keds (L. fortisetosa) and 36 ticks (Haemaphysalis and Ixodes species) were collected from sika deer. The prevalence of Bartonella in the arthropods was evaluated by real-time PCR targeting the 16S−23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and by culture of the organisms. The total number of Bartonella bacteria were quantified using real-time PCR. The distribution of Bartonella bacteria in deer ked organs was examined by immunofluorescence analysis. The relationship of Bartonella strains isolated from sika deer and arthropods were examined by a phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences of the gltA, rpoB, ftsZ, and ribC genes, followed by a BLAST search for gltA and rpoB. Results Bartonella prevalence in deer keds was 87.9% by real-time PCR and 51.5% in culture and that in the ticks was 8.3% by real-time PCR and 2.8% in culture. The mean number of Bartonella bacteria per ked was calculated to be 9.2 × 105 cells. Bartonella aggregates were localized in the midgut of the keds. The phylogenetic analysis and BLAST search showed that both the host deer and the keds harbored two Bartonella species (lineages B and C), while B. capreoli (lineage A) was not detected in the keds. Two novel Bartonella species (lineages D and E) were isolated from one ked. Conclusions Lipoptena fortisetosa likely serves as a vector of at least two Bartonella species (lineages B and C), whereas ticks do not seem to play a significant role in the transmission of Bartonella between sika deer based on the lower detection rates of Bartonella in ticks compared to keds. Bartonella species in lineages D and E appear to be L. fortisetosa-specific strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Lipoptena fortisetosa as a vector of Bartonella bacteria in Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon)

et al. 2021

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“…In South America, there are reports of Bartonella spp. in vector species of wild ungulates ( 68 , 90 ) but not in their blood samples ( 68 ). In Chile, during the last decade, there have been reports of the presence of Bartonella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular survey and phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella sp., Coxiella sp., and hemoplamas in pudu (Pudu puda) from Chile: first report of Bartonella henselae in a wild ungulate species

Hidalgo-Hermoso,

Sepúlveda-García,

Cabello

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionRecent evidence shows a high diversity of infectious agents in wildlife that represent a threat to human, domestic, and wild animal health. In Chile, wild populations of the most common cervid species, pudu (Pudu puda), have been reported as hosts for novel pathogens such as Mycoplasma ovis-like and a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. A better understanding of the epidemiology of this group and other intracellular bacteria that might have cervids as hosts would enlighten their population relevance. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp., hemotropic mycoplasmas, and Coxiella burnetii in pudus from Chile.MethodsThe DNA was extracted from the blood samples of 69 wild free-ranging and 30 captive pudus from Chile. A combination of real-time (nouG gene for Bartonella and IS1111 element for C. burnetii) and conventional PCR (16S rRNA for hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. and rpoB, gltA, and ITS for Bartonella spp.) was used for pathogen screening and molecular characterization.ResultsDNA of Bartonella spp. was detected in 10.1% [95% CI (5.2–18.2%)] samples, hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. in 1.7% [95% CI (0.08–10.1%)], and C. burnetii in 1.0% [95% CI (0.05–6.3%)] samples. Two sequenced samples were identified as Mycoplasma ovis-like, and one free-ranging pudu was positive for C. burnetii. While one captive and two free-ranging pudus were positive for Bartonella henselae, one wild pudu was co-positive for B. henselae and Bartonella sp., similar to Bartonellae identified in ruminants.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of B. henselae in wild ungulate species, and C. burnetii and Bartonella spp. in wild ungulate species in South America. Further research will be necessary to evaluate the potential role of pudu as reservoirs of infection and identify the sources for disease transmission among humans and wild and domestic animals.

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“…These are from a separate lineage from L. cervi and L. mazamae isolates in this study and are a sister clade to Bartonella sp. isolates described from L. mazamae in southern Brazil (Souza et al 2017) and L. fortisetosa parasitizing sika deer in Japan (Sato et al 2012, Sato et al 2021). Bartonella sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited detection of shared zoonotic pathogens in deer keds and blacklegged ticks co‐parasitizing white‐tailed deer in the eastern United States

Olafson

Poh

Evans

et al. 2022

Medical Vet Entomology

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Deer keds, such as Lipoptena cervi Linnaeus (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), are blood‐feeding flies from which several human and animal pathogens have been detected, including Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato Johnson (Spirochaetales: Borreliaceae), the causative agent of Lyme disease. Cervids (Artiodactyla: Cervidae), which are the primary hosts of deer keds, are not natural reservoirs of B. burgdorferi sl, and it has been suggested that deer keds may acquire bacterial pathogens via co‐feeding near infected ticks. We screened L. cervi (n = 306) and Ixodes scapularis Say (Ixodida: Ixodidae) (n = 315) collected from 38 white‐tailed deer in Pennsylvania for the family Anaplasmataceae, Bartonella spp. (Hyphomicrobiales: Bartonellaceae), Borrelia spp., and Rickettsia spp. (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). Limited similarity in the bacterial DNA detected between these ectoparasites per host suggested that co‐feeding may not be a mechanism by which deer keds acquire these bacteria. The feeding biology and life history of deer keds may impact the observed results, as could the season when specimens were collected. We separately screened L. cervi (n = 410), L. mazamae Róndani (n = 13), L. depressa Say (n = 10), and Neolipoptena ferrisi Bequaert (n = 14) collections from locations within the United States and Canada for the same pathogens. These results highlight the need to further study deer ked‐host and deer ked‐tick relationships.

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DETECTION OF BARTONELLA SP. IN DEER LOUSE FLIES (LIPOPTENA MAZAMAE) ON GRAY BROCKET DEER (MAZAMA GOUAZOUBIRA) IN THE NEOTROPICS

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Lipoptena fortisetosa as a vector of Bartonella bacteria in Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon)

Lipoptena fortisetosa as a vector of Bartonella bacteria in Japanese sika deer (Cervus nippon)

Molecular survey and phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella sp., Coxiella sp., and hemoplamas in pudu (Pudu puda) from Chile: first report of Bartonella henselae in a wild ungulate species

Limited detection of shared zoonotic pathogens in deer keds and blacklegged ticks co‐parasitizing white‐tailed deer in the eastern United States

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