Detection of<i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i>in the Mucus of Salmonid Fishes

Cipriano, Rocco C.; Ford, Larisa A.; Teska, Jeffrey D.; Hale, Laura E.

doi:10.1577/1548-8667(1992)004<0114:doasit>2.3.co;2

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…The AP and PAAS PCRs were also used to detect Aeromonas salmonicida in tissue and mucus samples taken from the overtly diseased fish. Cipriano et al (1992Cipriano et al ( , 1994bCipriano et al ( , 1996a) have previously reported levels of A. salmonicida in overtly infected fish, including Atlantic salmon, ranging from 10 3 to 10 7 CFU g -1…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PCR-based assays for the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. II. Further evaluation and validation of three PCR primer sets with infected fish

Byers

Cipriano²,

Gudkovs³

et al. 2002

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Two Aeromonas salmonicida-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests and 1 A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida-specific PCR test were used to screen salmonid populations that were either overtly or covertly infected with A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. It was demonstrated that these PCR assays could be used to replace the biochemical testing currently employed to confirm the identity of A. salmonicida isolates cultured from infected fish. The AP and PAAS PCR assays were also capable of direct detection of A. salmonicida in overtly infected fish, with mucus, gill and kidney samples most likely to yield a positive result. Culture was a more reliable method for the direct detection of A. salmonicida in covertly infected salmonids than was the direct PCR testing of tissue samples, with the AP and PAAS PCRs having a lower detection limit (LDL) of approximately 4 × 10 5 colony-forming units (CFU) g -1 sample.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteria were isolated from the infected fish tissues (gill, spleen, kidney and intestine) and mucus, and were identified according to the method of Cipriano et al (1992).…”

Section: Overt Infection Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR-based assays for the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. II. Further evaluation and validation of three PCR primer sets with infected fish

Byers

Cipriano²,

Gudkovs³

et al. 2002

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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show abstract

“…Klontz (1968) suggested that the primary site of carnage was the intestine and reported the detection of asymptomatic infections by fluorescent antibody examination of intestinal swabs. Cipriano et al (1992) deduced the asymptomatic infection status of fish populations from their previous clinical histories and suggested that bacterial culture of the mucus was of value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Aeromonas salmoncida in Atlantic salmon with asymptomatic furunculosis infections

Hiney¹,

Kilmartin²,

Smith³

1994

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Standard bacteriology and enzyme-linked imrnunosorbent assay (ELISA) were employed to detect Aeromonas salmonicida in samples of hdney, intestine and mucus from pre-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with stress-inducible furunculosis infections. No A. salrnonicida was isolated by bacteriological culture of samples from 30 unstressed salmon. In the same samples. ELISA detected antigen in 15 intestinal samples, but none in any of the kidney or mucus samples. The frequency of stress-inducible infections in a paired group of Atlantic salmon was 7/29 when the kidneys of the stressed fish were examined bacteriologically and 13/29 when ELISA results from kidney, intestinal content and mucus were combined. If ELISA results from kidneys alone were considered the frequency of detection was 8/20. In 2 separate experiments brown trout enrichment was used to detect A. salmonicida in pre-smolt Atlantic salmon with stress-inducible infections and compared to the standard stress test. The pathogen was detected in the combined mucus, fins and gills of 7/20 and 14/20 fish and in the blood of 3/20 and 2/20 fish respectively. The frequency of stress-inducible infections in paired groups of fish from the same populations was 10/20 and 16/20 respectively. These data suggest that the intestine may be the primary location of A. salmonjcida in salmon with stress-inducible infections and that colonisation of the mucus, fins and gills may also occur. The implications of these findings for the design of methods to eliminate such infections are discussed.

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“…Moreover, all samples from fish and sediment from the pond were routinely plated on selective media designed for the recovery of Y. ruckeri (ribose-ornithindextrin agar [ROD] [13]), A. salmonicida (Coomassie brilliant blue [10]), and Aeromonas hydrophila (Pril-ampicillin-dextrin-ethanol [PADE] agar [21]). Coomassie brilliant blue and PADE agar plates were incubated at 20°C for 2 days, and ROD agar plates were incubated at 20°C for 4 days.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Fish-Pathogenic and Environmental Bacteria Associated with Four Danish Rainbow Trout Farms

Schmidt¹,

Bruun²,

Dalsgaard

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

322

221

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Surveillance of bacterial susceptibility to five antimicrobial agents was performed during a 1-year period in and around four freshwater fish farms situated along a stream in western Denmark. Besides assessing the levels of antibiotic resistance among the culturable fraction of microorganisms in fish, water, and sediment samples, two major fish pathogens (88 Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates and 134 Yersinia ruckeri isolates) and 313 motile Aeromonas isolates, representing a group of ubiquitous aquatic bacteria, were isolated from the same samples. MICs were obtained applying a standardized agar dilution method. A markedly decreased susceptibility of F. psychrophilum isolates to most antimicrobial agents presently available for use in Danish aquaculture was detected, while the collected Y. ruckeri isolates remained largely sensitive to all therapeutic substances. Comparing the inlet and outlet samples, the increase of the antibiotic-resistant proportions observed among the culturable microflora was more pronounced and statistically significant among the motile aeromonads. High levels of individual and multiple antimicrobial resistances were demonstrated within the collected flavobacteria and aeromonads, thus indicating a substantial impact of fish farming on several groups of bacteria associated with aquacultural environments.

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Detection ofAeromonas salmonicidain the Mucus of Salmonid Fishes

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

PCR-based assays for the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. II. Further evaluation and validation of three PCR primer sets with infected fish

PCR-based assays for the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. II. Further evaluation and validation of three PCR primer sets with infected fish

Detection of Aeromonas salmoncida in Atlantic salmon with asymptomatic furunculosis infections

Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Fish-Pathogenic and Environmental Bacteria Associated with Four Danish Rainbow Trout Farms

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