Detection of hydrothermal alteration zones in a tropical region using satellite remote sensing data: Bau goldfield, Sarawak, Malaysia

Pour, Amin Beiranvand; Hashim, Mazlan; Genderen, J.L. van

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.03.010

Cited by 116 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The Bau mining district, in western Sarawak is well known for gold mining (e.g. Pour et al 2013), but the eastern area is poor in metals investigated in this study, noting the exception that Malaysia's only copper mine located in Sabah (Jopony and Tongkul 2009).…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Palawan is adjacent to a subduction boundary and is known for its ultramafic geology including ophiolites, as well as Ni laterites (Rammlmair et al 1987). Borneo is the product of Mesozoic accretion of an ophiolitic, island arc and microcontinental fragments, together with a marginal basin fill, on to a Paleozoic continental core in the southwest of the island (Hall 2009;Pour et al 2013). The Bau mining district, in western Sarawak is well known for gold mining (e.g.…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The biogeochemistry of insectivorous cave guano: a case study from insular Southeast Asia

et al. 2015

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Cave guano derived from insectivorous bats and birds contain unique geochemical and mineralogical signatures. We investigated the mineralogy, pH, C, N and metal abundance patterns of cave guano spatially and temporally (with depth) along a W-E transect in Malaysia and Palawan from five remote cave sites, each housing large populations of bats and Aerodramus spp.(cave swiftlets). Guano deposits were rich in phosphate and/or sulphate minerals (e.g., gypsum, bassanite) with leucophosphite, spheniscidite, and variscite present in most profiles. Metal abundances measured from modern and ancient bat guano revealed high concentrations of transition metals relative to the local environment. Highly enriched metals, however, were associated with phosphate rather than sulphate minerals. Copper and Zn were enriched in all profiles, whereas other metals were associated with specific caves consistent with known local mineral resources. For example, Sn, Pb, and Rb were particularly enriched in Batu Cave, located in the Peninsular Malaysian granitic tin belt, whereas Ni and Cr were high in regions associated with ultramafic ophiolites and Ni-laterites found on Palawan.

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Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biogeochemistry of insectivorous cave guano: a case study from insular Southeast Asia

et al. 2015

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“…In the initial stage of remote sensing technology development (1970s), geological mapping and mineral exploration were among the most prominent applications [1,2,3,4]. Multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing sensors were used for geological applications, ranging from a few spectral bands to more than 100 contiguous bands, covering the visible to the shortwave infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal alteration mapping from Landsat-8 data, Sar Cheshmeh copper mining district, south-eastern Islamic Republic of Iran

Pour

Hashim

2015

Journal of Taibah University for Science

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136

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This study presents the applicability of recently launched Landsat-8 data for hydrothermal alteration and lithological mapping aim at porphyry copper exploration in arid and semi-arid regions. Sar Cheshmeh copper mining district in the southeastern part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar volcanic belt, SE Iran has been selected as a case study. Several Red-green-Blue (RGB) color combination images and specialized band ratios were developed using Landsat-8 bands. Band ratios derived from image spectra (4/2, 6/7, 5 and 10 in RGB) allow the identification of altered rocks, lithological units and vegetation at a regional scale. Analytical imaging and geophysics developed hyperspectral analysis processing methods were applied to Landsat-8 bands to identify alteration zone associated with known porphyry copper deposits. Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF) method was used to detect alteration zones associated with known porphyry copper deposits in the study area. Fieldwork, pervious remote sensing studies and laboratory analysis were utilized to verify the image processing results derived from Landsat-8 bands. It is concluded that Landsat-8 bands especially bands 2 and 4 in visible and near-infrared, 6 and 7 in shortwave infrared, and 10 in thermal infrared contain useful spectral information for porphyry copper exploration purposes. Moreover, thermal infrared bands of Landsat-8Page 2 of 32 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 significantly improved the quality and availability of thermal infrared remote sensing data for lithological mapping. The achievements of this investigation should have considerable implications for geologists to utilize Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI)/ Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) data for porphyry copper exploration and geological purposes in the future.

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“…That altered mineral information can be disturbed by high coverage of vegetation. The mixed pixel decomposition method with hyperplane optimized using the genetic algorithm is used to remove the influence of vegetation interference information and highlight altered mineral [65] ( Figure 5). Thus, it provides a methodological reference for areas with high vegetation coverage and strong disturbance information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Hydrothermal Alteration Minerals for Exploring Gold Deposits Based on SVM and PCA Using ASTER Data: A Case Study of Gulong

Kong

Feng

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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Dayaoshan, as an important metal ore-producing area in China, is faced with the dilemma of resource depletion due to long-term exploitation. In this paper, remote sensing methods are used to circle the favorable metallogenic areas and find new ore points for Gulong. Firstly, vegetation interference was removed by using mixed pixel decomposition method with hyperplane and genetic algorithm (GA) optimization; then, altered mineral distribution information was extracted based on principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) methods; thirdly, the favorable areas of gold mining in Gulong was delineated by using the ant colony algorithm (ACA) optimization SVM model to remove false altered minerals; and lastly, field surveys verified that the extracted alteration mineralization information is correct and effective. The results show that the mineral alteration extraction method proposed in this paper has certain guiding significance for metallogenic prediction by remote sensing. using different methods in different locations for mineral exploration, including alteration mineral mapping in the Northwestern Junggar basin using Landsat thematic mapper (TM) data and principal component analysis (PCA) [17], predictive mineral prospectivity modeling for Cu deposits in Varzaghan district, NW Iran based on the support vector machine (SVM) [18], as well as predictive models for Rodalquilar mining district mineral prospectivity in the southeast of Spain with machine learning [19]. All of these studies contribute to the development of metallogenic prognosis in arid and semi-arid areas. However, research on altered mineral extraction in high vegetation-covered areas is still limited, particularly in a specific region as an important metal mineral area [20,21], where many old mines are facing resource depletion after long-term exploitation, such as Gulong, China.In response to the above problems, the objectives of this paper are to: (1) select the image identification marks of altered minerals according to the distribution of gold deposits and the ore-bearing strata in Dayaoshan; (2) remove vegetation interference by using mixed pixel decomposition method with hyperplane and genetic algorithm (GA) optimization; (3) extract altered mineral information based on PCA and SVM methods by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data; and (4) verify the altered mineral extraction result using field survey method. Lastly, the research results not only delineate the favorable metallogenic area of gold deposits, but also provide reasonable suggestions for mineral exploration with remote sensing data. Study Area and MaterialsThe study area, located at the junction of the Yangtze paleo-plate and Cathaysia paleo-plate, is part of the Guangxi Dayaoshan Au ore belt, dotted with gold deposits [22][23][24][25] (Figure 1). It belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate region, where the annual average temperature is 21 • C, the frost-free days are about 320 days, and the average annual rainfall is...

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Detection of hydrothermal alteration zones in a tropical region using satellite remote sensing data: Bau goldfield, Sarawak, Malaysia

Cited by 116 publications

References 52 publications

The biogeochemistry of insectivorous cave guano: a case study from insular Southeast Asia

The biogeochemistry of insectivorous cave guano: a case study from insular Southeast Asia

Hydrothermal alteration mapping from Landsat-8 data, Sar Cheshmeh copper mining district, south-eastern Islamic Republic of Iran

Identification of Hydrothermal Alteration Minerals for Exploring Gold Deposits Based on SVM and PCA Using ASTER Data: A Case Study of Gulong

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