Detection of Human Cytomegalovirus DNA, RNA, and Antibody in Normal Donor Blood

Zhang, Lin J.; Hanff, Philip A.; Rutherford, Cynthia J.; Churchill, W. Hallowell; Crumpacker, Clyde S.

doi:10.1093/infdis/171.4.1002

Cited by 98 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This phenomenon could be explained by insensitive antibody screening assays, or infection posttransplant may have been acquired from close relatives. Interestingly, CMV-specific RNA transcripts have been reported in up to 40% of CMV-seronegative, healthy blood donors, 35 suggesting either an abortive infection or insensitive antibody assays. The observation that the R+D+ patient group had a lower incidence of HCMV disease and lower viral loads than the R+D− group could be explained by adoptive transfer of immunity from the donor resulting in reduced viral replication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal fluctuations in cytomegalovirus load in bone marrow transplant patients: relationship between peak virus load, donor/recipient serostatus, acute GVHD and CMV disease

Gor

Sabin

Prentice

et al. 1998

Bone Marrow Transplant

170

119

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Summary:Quantitative competitive PCR was used to monitor the quantity of cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in 1647 blood samples from 110 BMT recipients. DNAemia was detected in 49/110 (45%) of the patients, of whom 15/49 experienced HCMV disease. Peak virus load during surveillance was elevated in symptomatic (median 4.5 log 10 genomes/ml) vs asymptomatic patients (median 3.6 log 10 genomes/ml, P = 0.002) and was also significantly elevated in HCMV seropositive recipients of seronegative marrow, (R+D−, median 5.0 log 10 ), compared to those in the R−D− and R+D+ groups (P Ͻ 0.01 and Ͻ0.005). Odds ratios for disease per 0.25 log 10 increase in viral load, recipient seropositivity and aGVHD were 1.43 (P = 0.004), 6.60 (P = 0.05) and 3.17 (P = 0.08), respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis only elevated viral load remained a significant risk factor for HCMV disease. The computed disease probability viral load curve showed a rapid increase in disease risk at viral loads between 3.8 and 5.5 log 10 genomes/ml in blood, and odds ratios for disease were determined for different threshold viral loads. These data demonstrate the central role of viral load in the pathogenesis of HCMV in BMT recipients and provide an additional marker for targeting and monitoring therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal fluctuations in cytomegalovirus load in bone marrow transplant patients: relationship between peak virus load, donor/recipient serostatus, acute GVHD and CMV disease

Gor

Sabin

Prentice

et al. 1998

Bone Marrow Transplant

170

119

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“…This is because the majority of adults have serological evidence of previous infections by these viruses. CMV is a ubiquitous agent, and seropositivity rates in the adult population over 40 years of age worldwide are 60 to 100%, possibly due to transmission through breastfeeding, sexual contact and spread from children 3,4 . Like most other herpesviruses, they remain latent in the host after primary infection and persist for lifelong in the organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among some voluntary blood donors at the 37 military Hospital, Accra, Ghana

Adjei

Armah²,

Narter-Olaga³

2010

Ghana Medical Journal

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SUMMARYBackground: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most significant pathogens infecting immunosuppressed individuals. CMV is transmissible through transfusion of blood components. Aim: The goal of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to CMV among blood donors seen at the 37 Military Hospital Blood Transfusion Unit, (MHBTU) Accra, Ghana. Methods:The seroprevalence of antibodies specific for CMV was tested using CMV IgG/IgM particle agglutination test kit and ELISA. Results: Of the 264 blood donors, 18 were negative and 246 were positive for CMV IgG antibodies, giving an overall CMV prevalence rate of 93.2%. None of the 264 blood donors was positive for CMV IgM antibodies. About 96% of the donors aged between 30 to 39 years were seropositive for CMV, as against 91.9% in those aged 20-29 years, 88.6% in 40 to 49 years, 75.0% (3 out of 4) in 50 to 59 years, and 100% (1 out 1) in 60-69 years. There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in the CMV IgG status in different age groups. The blood donors comprised largely of male donors (236 out of 264), making sex comparisons statistically undesirable. However, all the female (n=28) donors were positive for CMV IgG. Conclusion: Since about 93% of blood donors at the MHBTU are seropositive for CMV, it would be very useful to screen blood donors in Ghana for CMV to identify the very few CMV-seronegative blood donors, and maintain an inventory of them for use as donors.

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“…Furthermore, false-negative serological results for CMV infection in blood donors have been reported. 6,7 We describe herein a study that is part of an ongoing quality control and improvement process in evaluating the effectiveness of leukoreduction of cellular blood products to prevent CMV infection in patients who are CMV seronegative and have received hematopoietic transplants from CMVseronegative donors. In this study, we report the outcome of 72 hematopoietic transplant recipients with transplant donors who are CMV seronegative and had received cellular blood products from CMV unscreened volunteer donors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion of leukoreduced cellular blood components from cytomegalovirus-unscreened donors in allogeneic hematopoietic transplant recipients: analysis of 72 recipients

Narvios

Lima

Shah

et al. 2005

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:Leukoreduction of blood components has been considered a safe alternative to screening donors for CMV. The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of bedside leukoreduction in preventing CMV transmission. We retrospectively studied 72 transplant recipients and donors who were CMV-seronegative pairs. All patients were transfused with CMV-unscreened cellular blood products leukoreduced at the bedside using leukoreduction filters. Quality control measures performed monthly in our leukoreduced blood components consistently demonstrated that at least 95% of the units sampled meet the leukoreduction criterion established by the American Association of Blood Banks standards. The CMV status of the recipients and donors was determined before transplantation by the latex agglutination assay. Recipients were observed for at least 100 days after transplantation. CMV cultures of urine, buffy coat, bone marrow, and bronchial washings were done weekly when indicated. CMV antigenemia testing was performed twice weekly: 11 transplant recipients seroconverted after transplantation. One patient was positive for CMV antigenemia 4 months after transplantation, but did not have CMV infection. Two of 61 patients who were not seroconverted were CMV antigenemia positive and did not have CMV infection: leukoreduction of cellular blood products is an efficient method of preventing CMV infection.

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Detection of Human Cytomegalovirus DNA, RNA, and Antibody in Normal Donor Blood

Cited by 98 publications

References 7 publications

Longitudinal fluctuations in cytomegalovirus load in bone marrow transplant patients: relationship between peak virus load, donor/recipient serostatus, acute GVHD and CMV disease

Longitudinal fluctuations in cytomegalovirus load in bone marrow transplant patients: relationship between peak virus load, donor/recipient serostatus, acute GVHD and CMV disease

Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among some voluntary blood donors at the 37 military Hospital, Accra, Ghana

Transfusion of leukoreduced cellular blood components from cytomegalovirus-unscreened donors in allogeneic hematopoietic transplant recipients: analysis of 72 recipients

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