Detection of HIV RNA in dried blood spots and oral fluids

Stekler, Joanne D.; Ure, George; Dragavon, Joan; Chang, Ming; Coombs, Robert W.

doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000001477

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The traditional DBS sampling using Guthrie cards or filter paper disks has been used for more than 40 years [ 29 - 31 ] and is now common in epidemiologic studies [ 32 , 33 ]. DBS sampling has been used in nonclinical settings for quantifying VL to identify acute and undiagnosed HIV infections [ 34 , 35 ]. However, DBS collection in nonclinical settings for VL quantification in known HIV-positive cohorts has largely been unexplored until now.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Using an At-Home Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimen: Feasibility Study

Hirshfield¹,

Teran²,

Downing³

et al. 2018

JMIR Public Health Surveill

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundSuboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and disengagement in care present significant public health challenges because of the increased probability of HIV transmission. In the United States, men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV, highlighting a critical need to engage high-risk MSM living with HIV who are not engaged or retained in care.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of at-home blood self-collection and laboratory quantification of HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) to report laboratory-based VL outcomes and compare self-reported and laboratory-reported VLMethodsBetween 2016 and 2017, 766 US HIV-positive MSM enrolled in a Web-based behavioral intervention were invited to participate in an at-home dried blood spot (DBS) collection study using HemaSpot-HF kits (Spot On Sciences, Inc, Austin, TX) for laboratory-quantified VL.ResultsOf those invited to participate, 72.3% (554/766) enrolled in the DBS study. Most (79.2%, 439/554) men enrolled reported attempting to collect their blood, 75.5% (418/554) of participants mailed a DBS specimen to the research laboratory, and 60.8% (337/554) had an adequate blood sample for VL testing. Of the 337 specimens tested for VL by the laboratory, 52.5% (177/337) had detectable VL (median: 3508 copies/mL; range: 851-1,202,265 copies/mL). Most men (83.9%, 135/161) who returned a DBS specimen with laboratory-quantified detectable VL self-reported an undetectable VL during their last clinical visit.ConclusionsHome collection of DBS samples from HIV-positive MSM is feasible and has the potential to support clinical VL monitoring. Discrepant laboratory HIV-1 RNA values and self-reported VL indicate a need to address perceived VL status, especially in the era of treatment as prevention. Most participants were willing to use an at-home DBS kit in the future, signaling an opportunity to engage high-risk MSM in long-term HIV care activities.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Using an At-Home Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimen: Feasibility Study

Hirshfield¹,

Teran²,

Downing³

et al. 2018

JMIR Public Health Surveill

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 Aside from DBSs' role in HIV testing in children, it has a broad range of applications within the HIV field, including monitoring antiretroviral treatment, diagnosing acute HIV infection, and estimating incidence in surveillance studies. 35,36 The cobas HIV-1/HIV-2 qualitative test (cobas HIV-1/2 Qual; Roche Molecular Systems, South Branchburg, New Jersey.) for use on the cobas 6800/8800 Systems is the first CE-marked polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the qualitative detection and differentiation of HIV-1 and HIV-2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Using Cobas HIV-1/HIV-2 Qualitative Test: A Novel Qualitative Nucleic Acid Amplification Test for Plasma, Serum, and Dried Blood Spot Specimens

Hans

Allmen

Edelmann

et al. 2021

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Nucleic acid amplification tests (NATs) minimize the time from HIV infection to diagnosis, reducing transmission during acute HIV. NATs are especially useful for diagnosing HIV in children younger than 18 months and discriminating between HIV-1 and HIV-2. Methods: We evaluated the performance of the cobas HIV-1/HIV-2 qualitative (cobas HIV-1/2 Qual) test for use on cobas 6800/8800 Systems. The results of adult plasma and serum samples and pediatric dried blood spots were compared with those of the recomLine HIV-1 & HIV-2 Immunoglobulin G serological test and COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 qualitative test, v2.0. Genotype inclusivity and limits of detection were determined, and sensitivity on seroconversion panels was compared with that in the Bio-Rad Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay, Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo serological test, and cobas TaqScreen MPX, v2.0. Results: Concordance of cobas HIV-1/2 Qual test with the comparator serological test and COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan test was ≥99.6% with all sample types. Reactivity with all HIV genotypes was 100%. LOD in plasma samples was 14.8, 12.6, and 27.9 copies/mL for HIV-1 group M, HIV-1 group O, and HIV-2, respectively, with similar results for serum samples. LOD in dried blood spots was 255 copies/mL for HIV-1 and 984 copies/mL for HIV-2. HIV infection was detected 18.9 days and 8.5 days earlier than the confirmatory and serological assays, respectively, and at a similar time to the NAT. Conclusions: The cobas HIV-1/2 Qual test enables early and accurate diagnoses of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in adults and children across sample types. The assay could help avert transmission during acute HIV, simplify HIV diagnostic algorithms, and promote the survival of HIV-infected children.

show abstract

Supporting treatment adherence for resilience and thriving (START): protocol for a mHealth randomized controlled trial

Davis-Ewart,

Atkins,

Ghanooni

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Although behavioral interventions show some promise for reducing stimulant use and achieving durable viral suppression in sexual minority men (SMM) with HIV, scalable mHealth applications are needed to optimize their reach and cost-effectiveness. Methods Supporting Treatment Adherence for Resilience and Thriving (START) is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a mHealth application that integrates evidence-based positive affect regulation skills with self-monitoring of adherence and mood. The primary outcome is detectable HIV viral load (i.e., > 300 copies/mL) from self-collected dried blood spot (DBS) specimens at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include detectable DBS viral load at 12 months, self-reported stimulant use severity, anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence, and positive affect over 12 months. A national sample of up to 250 SMM with HIV who screen positive for stimulant use disorder and reporting suboptimal ART adherence is being recruited via social networking applications through April of 2024. After providing informed consent, participants complete a run-in period (i.e., waiting period) including two baseline assessments with self-report measures and a self-collected DBS sample. Those who complete the run-in period are randomized to either the START mHealth application or access to a website with referrals to HIV care and substance use disorder treatment resources. Participants provide DBS samples at baseline, 6, and 12 months to measure HIV viral load as well as complete self-report measures for secondary outcomes at quarterly follow-up assessments over 12 months. Discussion To date, we have paid $117,500 to advertise START on social networking applications and reached 1,970 eligible participants ($59.77 per eligible participant). Although we identified this large national sample of potentially eligible SMM with HIV who screen positive for a stimulant use disorder and report suboptimal ART adherence, only one-in-four have enrolled in the RCT. The run-in period has proven to be crucial for maintaining scientific rigor and reproducibility of this RCT, such that only half of consented participants complete the required study enrollment activities and attended a randomization visit. Taken together, findings will guide adequate resource allocation to achieve randomization targets in future mHealth research SMM with HIV who use stimulants. Trial Registration This protocol was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05140876) on December 2, 2021.

show abstract

Detection of HIV RNA in dried blood spots and oral fluids

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Using an At-Home Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimen: Feasibility Study

Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Using an At-Home Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimen: Feasibility Study

Early Diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Using Cobas HIV-1/HIV-2 Qualitative Test: A Novel Qualitative Nucleic Acid Amplification Test for Plasma, Serum, and Dried Blood Spot Specimens

Supporting treatment adherence for resilience and thriving (START): protocol for a mHealth randomized controlled trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About