Detection of HIV‐1 by RNA PCR in Factor VIII Concentrates

Heredia, Alonso; Guo, Z.P.; Yu, Meng-Lin; Mason, Bobby L.; Epstein, Jay S.; Hewlett, Indira

doi:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1994.tb01281.x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Infection with HIV-1 occurred in the hemophilia population, despite both the generally low prevalence of HIV-1 RNA in unheated human factor VIII batches and the inability to isolate HIV-1 from these products [13,14]. Therefore, the lack of transmission of PERV to Hyate:C recipients, despite the apparent universal exposure, may reflect a lower transmissibility of this virus, compared with that of HIV-1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses in Porcine Factor VIII and Evaluation of Transmission to Recipients with Hemophilia

et al. 2001

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Since 1984, unheated porcine clotting factor VIII (Hyate:C) has been used to treat severe bleeding episodes in persons with hemophilia who have antibodies to human clotting factor. We document the presence of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) in plasma samples of pigs and in clinical lots of Hyate:C. Both gag and pol PERV RNA sequences were detected by reverse-transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction in 13 of 13 lots of Hyate:C tested. Among 10 of these lots, RT activity also was detected, which confirms the presence of retroviral particles. To assess the transmission of PERV to Hyate:C recipients, we tested serum specimens from 88 recipients of Hyate:C and 23 noninfused control subjects for anti-PERV antibodies by using a Western blot assay. None of the samples was positive. Our data document that PERV particles are a common contaminant of Hyate:C products and suggest that the risk of PERV transmission from these percutaneous exposures is very low.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses in Porcine Factor VIII and Evaluation of Transmission to Recipients with Hemophilia

et al. 2001

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“…These procedures are very effective for preventing post-transfusion infections. Studies from the USA and UK confirm that 12.5-25% of the non-virus-inactivated factor VIII preparations that date back to the time before the anti-HIV screening test was introduced were contaminated with HIV [9][10][11]. Similar tests for HCV on non-virus-inactivated factor VIII concentrates showed that up to 82-100% of these concentrates were HCV RNA-positive [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Viral Contamination of Plasma Preparations: Determination of the Prevalence of Transfusion-Transmissible Viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, GB Virus C and HIV) in Plasma Pools and Products

Rabenau¹,

Weber²,

Kawara³

2000

Transfus Med Hemother

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In spite of donor selection, screening of donated blood for anti-HIV-1, anti-HIV-2, anti-HCV and HBsAg, inactivation and elimination processes, there is still a residual risk of haematogenically transmissible viruses in plasma pools and products. As an additional measure to reduce risk of viral contamination, screening of individual donated units and minipools on HCV RNA has become mandatory in Germany. In the present study, 142 HBsAg-, anti-HCV- and anti-HIV-1/-2-negative plasma pools and derived products (immunoglobulin preparation and factor IX preparation) were tested by PCR for the presence of HAV, HBV, HCV, GB virus C (GBVC) and HIV-1 nucleic acids. All pools and plasma preparations were derived from blood donated between 1994 and 1996, before mandatory testing for HCV RNA was introduced. Twelve (8.5%) plasma pools tested positive for HCV RNA. A low copy number of HBV DNA was present in 9 (6.3%) plasma pools. HIV-1 RNA was not amplified from any plasma pool, whereas the prevalence of the GBVC RNA in pools was very high (82.4%). However, GBVC RNA could be detected in only 1 (6.3%) of 16 immunoglobulin (IgG) batches prepared from cryosupernatants yielding GBVC. HBV DNA and HCV RNA could not be amplified from 3 IgG batches originating from HBV or HCV nucleic acid-positive supernatants. Neither HBV nor HCV contamination was present in any of the 31 unselected immunoglobulin preparations. GBVC RNA could be detected in only 2 (6.5%) of the samples tested. Our results demonstrate the importance of HCV PCR testing of plasma pools since HCV RNA was detected in a relatively large proportion of the pools screened negative by conventional methods. The results underline the importance of the virus elimination methods integrated in the production process since no HBV or HCV nucleic acid could be detected in any batch of end product. Consequently, routine PCR testing of end products whose production involve virus elimination and virus inactivation methods is not to be recommended.

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“…Die Einführung solcher Verfahren hat gezeigt, daß sie zur Prävention von Posttran sfusions-Infe ktionen sehr effektiv sind. Studien aus den USA und Großbritannien belegen, daß 12,5 bis 25% der nicht virusinaktivierten Faktor-VHI-Präpara-te, die aus der Zeit vor der Einführung der anti-HIV Screeningtest stammen, mit HIV kontaminiert waren [7][8][9]. Analoge Untersuchungen an nicht virusinaktivierten Faktor-VIII-Konzentraten auf HCV zeigten, daß diese Konzentrate zu 82-100% HCV-RNA aufwiesen [10][11][12].…”

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Prävalenzbestimmung von Hepatitis G Virus in Plasmapools und Plasmapoolpräparaten. Prevalence of Hepatitis G Virus in Plasma Pools and Products

Rabenau¹,

Kawara²,

Weber³

2000

LaboratoriumsMedizin

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Detection of HIV‐1 by RNA PCR in Factor VIII Concentrates

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Evidence of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses in Porcine Factor VIII and Evaluation of Transmission to Recipients with Hemophilia

Evidence of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses in Porcine Factor VIII and Evaluation of Transmission to Recipients with Hemophilia

Viral Contamination of Plasma Preparations: Determination of the Prevalence of Transfusion-Transmissible Viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, GB Virus C and HIV) in Plasma Pools and Products

Prävalenzbestimmung von Hepatitis G Virus in Plasmapools und Plasmapoolpräparaten. Prevalence of Hepatitis G Virus in Plasma Pools and Products

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