Detection of Helicobacter species in the gastrointestinal tract of ringtail possum and koala: Possible influence of diet, on the gut microbiota

Coldham, Thosaporn; Rose, Karrie; O’Rourke, Jani; Neilan, Brett A.; Dalton, Helen; Lee, Adrian V.; Mitchell, Hazel M.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.06.026

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…No previous studies have described the Possum microbiota, however, one study found a prevalence of Helicobacter sp. in possums [ 48 ], which we also observed in the possum cloaca.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Cloacal and Ocular Microbiota of the Endangered Australian Northern Quoll

et al. 2018

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The Australian northern quoll is an important predatory marsupial carnivore that is currently endangered due to inappropriate fire regimes, predation, and the spread of invasive cane toads. The microbiota of Australian marsupials has not been extensively studied, but is thought to play a role in their health. This study provides an initial characterization of the cloacal microbiota of the northern quoll, as well as other marsupials including possums and kangaroos which were opportunistically sampled. The northern quoll cloaca microbiota was dominated by Enterococcus and Lactobacillus and had a relatively high proportion of members of the Proteobacteria phylum, which has been observed in other carnivorous marsupials. The diversity and structure of the microbiota was not influenced by presence of Chlamydiales which are intracellular bacteria and potential pathogens. The microbiota of the other marsupials was quite varied, which may be related to their health status. Characterization of the northern quoll microbiota will help to better understand the biology of this endangered animal.

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“…No previous studies have described the Possum microbiota, however, one study found a prevalence of Helicobacter sp. in possums [ 48 ], which we also observed in the possum cloaca.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Cloacal and Ocular Microbiota of the Endangered Australian Northern Quoll

et al. 2018

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“…Helicobacter was first cultivated from human gastric biopsy specimens in 1982 (Solnick & Schauer, 2001), and it has been linked to intestinal disease (Fox, 2002), but recent study indicated that colonization by Helicobacter species appeared to have no impact on the histopathology of liver or gut of possums (Coldham et al, 2013). Our previous study (Zhu et al, 2013) suggested that mucindegrading bacteria played an important role in maintaining the balance between mucin and SCFAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

et al. 2018

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Gut microbiota have strong connections with health. Lactulose has been shown to regulate gut microbiota and benefit host health. In this study, the effect of short-term (3 week) intervention of lactulose on gut microbiota was investigated. Gut microbiota were detected from mouse feces by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Lactulose intervention enhanced the α-diversity of the gut microbiota; increased the abundance of hydrogen-producing bacteria Prevotellaceae and Rikenellaceae, probiotics Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae, and mucindegrading bacteria Akkermansia and Helicobacter; decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria Desulfovibrionaceae and branched-chain SCFAs (BCFAs). These results suggest that lactulose intervention effectively increased the diversity and improved the structure of the intestinal microbiota, which may be beneficial for host health. K E Y W O R D S16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, gut microbiota, prebiotic, probiotics, short chain fatty acids 2 of 8 | ZHAI et Al. enzymes in the intestine, but is metabolized by gut microbiota to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the ileum (Guerra-Ordaz et al., 2014).Lactulose can change the composition of the gut microbiota. For example, Vanhoutte et al. (2006), reported a significant increase in Bifidobacterium adolescentis following lactulose intake. Tuohy et al. (2002) showed that Bifidobacterium spp. were increased, whereas Clostridia and Lactobacilli were decreased after lactulose treatment in humans.SCFAs are main metabolites of gut microbiota, and are divided into straight-chain SCFAs and branched-chain SCFAs (BCFAs). Straightchain SCFAs are mainly produced by microbial fermentation of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrates in the gut. Lactate and succinate can also be metabolized to straight-chain SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate (Hasebe et al., 2016;Verbeke et al., 2015). Straight-chain SCFAs have a range of beneficial effects, including regulation of the colonic and intracellular environment (Wong et al. 2006), and modulation of cell proliferation and gene expression. In addition, straightchain SCFAs are able to improve immune function, glucose regulation, and prevent obesity (Polyviou et al., 2016). In contrast, BCFAs are always derived from catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (Zheng et al., 2013), and are major markers of protein fermentation, which is likely to be detrimental to the host (Yang & Rose, 2015).Although some studies have assessed the effects of lactulose on gut microbiota, the gel-or PCR-based methods used limit our ability to evaluate the full extent of the impact of lactulose on the gut microbiotic community. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to evaluate effect of lactulose on gut microbiota and their metabolites in mice. | MATERIAL S AND ME THODS | Animals and experiment designSix-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were...

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“…FISH was initially developed in human gastric biopsies [16] to detect helicobacter organisms at the genus and species levels, but has since been used to detect organ-isms in the gastrointestinal tract of mice [17], cats [18], dogs [19], horses [20], brushtail possum [21], and from samples of raw bovine milk [22]. FISH techniques and 16S rRNA gene probes used in this study are identical to those previously described by our laboratory [18].…”

Section: Flourescent In Situ Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter Species Identified in Captive Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) with Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma

et al. 2015

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Background Of all human cancers, gastric carcinoma is the one of the leading causes of death. Helicobacter pylori is considered a major etiologic agent of this disease. Spontaneously occurring gastric carcinoma is a rare diagnosis in nonhuman primates. A 2011 case report documented a high incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma in a closed colony of captive sooty mangabeys (Cercebus atys). However, H. pylori infection was not detected in these animals. Materials and Methods In this study, using archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded stomach sections of these animals alternative methodologies were used to identify H. pylori and other non-H. pylori Helicobacter species. In addition, two additional cases of sooty mangabeys with metastatic gastric carcinoma are characterized. Results Using fluorescent in situ hybridization, we identified gastric H. suis in 75% of archived and new gastric carcinoma cases. In the two newly reported cases, H. suis and a novel Helicobacter species were detected via PCR and sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. H. pylori was not identified in any of the gastric carcinoma cases via FISH and/or PCR and sequence analysis of Helicobacter spp. in DNA from of available tissues. Conclusions This report is the first to characterize Helicobacter species infection in spontaneous gastric carcinoma with metastatic potential in nonhuman primates.

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Detection of Helicobacter species in the gastrointestinal tract of ringtail possum and koala: Possible influence of diet, on the gut microbiota

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Cloacal and Ocular Microbiota of the Endangered Australian Northern Quoll

Cloacal and Ocular Microbiota of the Endangered Australian Northern Quoll

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

Helicobacter Species Identified in Captive Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) with Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma

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