Detection of geographical specific plasticity and the effect of natural selection pressure on the wing size and shape of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Anand, P. P.; Seena, Sahadevan; Peter, Jinsha; Vardhanan, Y. Shibu

doi:10.1007/s11756-022-01059-x

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…We hypothesized that Antodynerus species wings are not a single integrated unit, i.e., it is an association of two subsets/ blocks. For a comparative purpose, we selected two alternative types of wing axis organizations hypothesis: (i) anteriorposterior (AP) organization and (ii) proximal-distal (PD) organization (Anand et al, 2022;Karthika et al, 2022). Partial least square (PLS) within the configuration statistical method was used to analyze the degree of covariation between blocks.…”

Section: Wing Integration Analysis Using the Pls Covariation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Longitudinal wing folding is a common diagnostic trait of the Vespidae, which are exclusively found in subfamilies Eumeninae, Polistinae, and Vespinae (Hines et al, 2007). Wing venation, folding patterns, and other wing characters have traditionally been regarded as relevant in taxonomic and phylogenetic research (Forbes, 1922;Crowson, 1961Crowson, , 1973Dolin, 1975;Scholtz, 1990;Anand et al, 2022;Karthika et al, 2022). However, whether wing traits are relevant for phylogenetic analyses and how wing traits have developed throughout time remain mainly unknown (Bai et al, 2011).…”

Section: Wing Covariationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species morphospace boundary revisited through wing phenotypic variations of Antodynerus species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from the Indian subcontinent

et al. 2023

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The main objective of this study was to investigate the taxonomic significance of wing phenotypic variations (size and shape) for classifying potter wasps. This is the first study investigating the wing size and shape variations, as well as wing asymmetry, sexual dimorphism, wing integration, and phylogenetic signal analysis of all known Antodynerus species from the Indian subcontinent: A. flavescens, A. limbatus, and A. punctatipennis. We used forewings and hindwings for geometric morphometric analysis, and we proved that each species’ wing had unique size and shape variations, as well as significant right–left wing asymmetry and sexual dimorphism across the Antodynerus species, as verified by discriminant function analysis. Wings of Vespidae are longitudinally folded; based on that, we tested two alternative wing modular hypotheses for evaluating the wing integration, using two subsets organization, such as anterior–posterior (AP) and proximal-distal (PD) wing modular organization. We proved that Antodynerus species wings are highly integrated units (RV > 0.5), and we rejected our hypothesis at p < 0.05. The morphospace distribution analysis revealed that each species has its unique morphospace boundary, although they share some level of homoplasy, which suggests to us that we can use wing morphometric traits for Antodynerus species delimitation. In addition, we revealed the phylogenetic signal of Antodynerus species. Surprisingly, we found a shape-related phylogenetic signal in the forewing, and there is no significant (p > 0.05) phylogenetic signal in forewing size, hindwing shape, and size. We observed that the Antodynerus species’ forewing shape is evolutionarily more highly constrained than the hindwing. We found that A. limbatus and A. flavescens with distinct geographical distribution share a similar evolutionary history, while A. punctatipennis evolved independently.

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Section: Wing Integration Analysis Using the Pls Covariation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wing Covariationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species morphospace boundary revisited through wing phenotypic variations of Antodynerus species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from the Indian subcontinent

et al. 2023

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“…According to morphological taxonomy, the homologous taxonomic features of major and minor workers are precisely similar, the minor worker ants were slightly smaller in size (Bingham, 1903). Photographic documentation of specimens was obtained by using Canon EOS 5D Camera and MP-E 65 (1-5×) (Canon ® lens, Japan); all specimens are arranged into the same plane to avoid the impact of arbitrary rotation of articulated structure (Mahima et al, 2021;Karthika et al, 2021;Anand et al, 2022).…”

Section: Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The multivariate generalization algorithm was used for the caste-specific quantitative genetic heritability of females of the caste system of the Asian weaver ant (Lande, 1979). Based on the quantitative genetic response, we can predict the shortterm response to selection on various features of shape (Karthika et al, 2021;Anand et al, 2022). Evolutionary analysis of shape.…”

Section: Quantitative Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To construct and visualize evolutionary shape changes, we mapped the PC scores onto phylogeny, and for size-related phylogeny, the symmetrical body size was computed as the centroid size (CS) (Maddison, 1991;Klingenberg & Gidaszewski, 2010;Žikić et al, 2017). To check the phylogenetic signal of symmetrical body size and shape, we used a permutation method (10000 permutations) to simulate the null hypothesis in the absence of phylogenetic structure by randomly reassigning the shape configuration to the terminal nodes of the phylogeny (Klingenberg & Gidaszewski, 2010;Žikić et al, 2017;Karthika et al, 2021;Anand et al, 2022).…”

Section: Quantitative Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caste-specific quantitative genetics and phylogenetic signal analysis revealed the morphological adaptation of Asian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Anand

Mahima

Vardhanan

2022

J. Insect Biodivers. Syst

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Insect caste development and their morphological divergence are not yet studied well, especially in ants. However, the role of developmental and genetic integration in evolution is contentious. In our study, we tried to reveal the quantitative genetics selection responses, phylogenetic signal, and evolutionary origin of weaver ant female castes (queen, major and minor). The widening and lengthening of the head region, as well as the welldeveloped mandibular process, are the major heritable characteristics found in the major worker ants. We hypothesized that these conserved and heritable characteristics may help the major worker ants for defense, foraging purposes and other nest-building function aspects. However, in the case of minor worker, small heads and the reduced mandibular process are the more heritable characteristics. Compared to worker ants, in queen, the highly heritable and conserved morphological character is well-developed thoracic regions and large-sized abdomen. It is interesting to note that there is no detectable phylogenetic signal across the female cast of the Asian weaver ants, which suggests that the caste development and morphological divergence are environmentally modulated not evolutionary conserved. From this study, we concluded that caste-specific morphological shape and size are highly conserved traits and these traits are modulated by their niche preferences.

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Molecular and morphometric analyses reveal host-specific cryptic speciation in a mite species, Tetranychus neocaledonicus (Andre, 1933) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

MEGHANA,

ANAND,

VARDHANAN

2023

Zootaxa

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Host- and habitat-induced morphological shape and size variations are common in phytophagous and parasitic taxa. Several integrated morphological and molecular techniques have been commonly used to understand host-induced morpho-cryptic species forms. Compared to other arthropods, cryptic speciation was more common in Acari. This study focused on the host-specific morphological cryptic shape and size variations of Tetranychus neocaledonicus, collected from moringa and cassava hosts. We used geometric morphometric analysis to uncover the shape and size of inter-and intra-spider mite populations, and discovered that host-specific shape and size variations existed in spider mites regardless of sex. Interestingly, there was no phylogenetic signal in spider mites, implying that the morpho-cryptic speciation of T. neocaledonicus is solely based on the host-induced selection. The molecular clock hypothesis was accepted in our CO1 and 18s rRNA phylogeny analyses, and spider mites collected from both hosts were genetically less diverse. We conclude that T. neocaledonicus exhibited morphologically detectable cryptic population diversity in each host but that these populations are evolutionarily young form. Apart from these host-induced variations, we also monitored the impact of the clearing agent (lactic acid) on the shape and size of T. neocaledonicus; from this study, we proved that the clearing agent significantly alters the taxonomically important morphological traits of spider mites irrespective of the mites’ sex, as confirmed by multivariate statistical analysis. This is the first study report to investigated the host-induced morphological variations of spider mites and the impact of a clearing agent.

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Detection of geographical specific plasticity and the effect of natural selection pressure on the wing size and shape of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 67 publications

Species morphospace boundary revisited through wing phenotypic variations of Antodynerus species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from the Indian subcontinent

Species morphospace boundary revisited through wing phenotypic variations of Antodynerus species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from the Indian subcontinent

Caste-specific quantitative genetics and phylogenetic signal analysis revealed the morphological adaptation of Asian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Molecular and morphometric analyses reveal host-specific cryptic speciation in a mite species, Tetranychus neocaledonicus (Andre, 1933) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

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