Detection of explosives using negative ion mobility spectrometry in air based on dopant-assisted thermal ionization

Shahraki, Hassan; Tabrizchi, Mahmoud; Farrokhpor, Hossein

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.054

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…RDX interrogation by DAPCI-IMS results in a major identifying peak at 1.44 cm 2 /(V s) and is within the range of reported values for RDX using corona discharge sources. 57 , 63 Two lower intensity peaks at 1.33 cm 2 /(V s) and 1.31 cm 2 /(V s) can also be seen in addition to a suspected dimer ion peak at 1.067 cm 2 /(V s).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Flexible Drift Tube for High Resolution Ion Mobility Spectrometry (Flex-DT-IMS)

et al. 2020

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This paper describes, in detail, the development of a novel, low-cost, and flexible drift tube (DT) along with an associated ion mobility spectrometer system. The DT is constructed from a flexible printed circuit board (PCB), with a bespoke “dog-leg” track design, that can be rolled up for ease of assembly. This approach incorporates a shielding layer, as part of the flexible PCB design, and represents the minimum dimensional footprint conceivable for a DT. The low thermal mass of the polyimide substrate and overlapping electrodes, as afforded by the dog-leg design, allow for efficient heat management and high field linearity within the tube–achieved from a single PCB. This is further enhanced by a novel double-glazing configuration which provides a simple and effective means for gas management, minimizing thermal variation within the assembly. Herein, we provide a full experimental characterization of the flexible DT ion mobility spectrometer (Flex-DT-IMS) with corresponding electrodynamic (Simion 8.1) and fluid dynamic (SolidWorks) simulations. The Flex-DT-IMS is shown to have a resolution >80 and a detection limit of low nanograms for the analysis of common explosives (RDX, PETN, HMX, and TNT).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“… 56 It is also well within the range that has been extensively reported elsewhere. 57 − 59 A further peak at 1.592 is potentially due to the loss of NO 2 as a result of thermal fragmentation. [TNT-NO 2 ] − has been reported previously in the literature as having a K 0 between 1.57 and 1.6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Drift Tube for High Resolution Ion Mobility Spectrometry (Flex-DT-IMS)

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, HS-IMS presents a greater portability, since it works at atmospheric pressure. This technique has been successfully used for the discrimination of samples in many fields including the detection of adulterated food [ 27 , 28 ], explosives [ 29 , 30 ], drugs or pharmaceuticals substances [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] as well as for the characterization of ILs in fire debris [ 26 ]. However, how biological degradation may affect the correct identification of ILs when this technique is used is still to be studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Biodegraded Ignitable Liquids by Headspace–Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Calle

Ferreiro-González

Aliaño-González

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The detection of ignitable liquids (ILs) can be crucial when it comes to determining arson cases. Such identification of ILs is a challenging task that may be affected by a number of factors. Microbial degradation is considered one of three major processes that can alter the composition of IL residues. Since biodegradation is a time related phenomenon, it should be studied at different stages of development. This article presents a method based on ion mobility spectroscopy (IMS) which has been used as an electronic nose. In particular, ion mobility sum spectrum (IMSS) in combination with chemometric techniques (hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA)) has been applied for the characterization of different biodegraded ILs. This method intends to use IMSS to identify a range of ILs regardless of their degree of biodegradation. Three ILs (diesel, gasoline and kerosene) from three different commercial brands were evaluated after remaining in a soil substrate for several lengths of time (0, 2, 5, 13 and 38 days). The HCA results showed the samples’ trend to fall into categories characterized by ILs type and biodegradation time. The LDAs allowed a 99% successful classification of the samples according to the IL type. This is the first time that an HS-IMS technique has been used to detect ILs that have undergone biodegradation processes. The results show that IMS may be a promising alternative to the current standard method based on gas-chromatography for the analysis of biodegraded ILs. Furthermore, no pretreatment of the samples nor the use of a solvent is required.

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“…In recent years, fluorescent sensor, ion mobility spectrometry and other technologies have been applied to qualitative and quantitative analysis of explosives. Although they have the advantages of high sensitivity and low detection limit, the preparation process is complicated [21,22]. In this study, TNT, 2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT were firstly evaluated qualitatively by Raman spectroscopy to find out their characteristic peaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rapid and Sensitive Quantitative Analysis Method for TNT using Raman Spectroscopy

Gao

Liu

Meng

et al. 2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Raman spectroscopy as a rapid and sensitive qualitative detection method has been applied in many fields; however, it is rarely used for the quantitative purpose due to poor reproducibility of peak area. Here, 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its two byproducts, 2,4‐dinitrotoluence (DNT) and 2,6‐DNT, were firstly qualitatively analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and the characteristic parameters were extracted. Then, in the range of 2 %–9 % and 10 %–90 %, the standard curves were established between the area ratio of the characteristic peaks and the content of 2,4‐DNT or 2,6‐DNT using silver nanoflowers as the enhancing substrate. The fitting correlation for TNT/2,4‐DNT or TNT/2,6‐DNT system is around 0.99. The peak area ratio of the components exhibits much better dada reproducibility than peak area, and the relative error does not exceed 9.3 % for at least six groups of parallel experiments.

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Detection of explosives using negative ion mobility spectrometry in air based on dopant-assisted thermal ionization

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Flexible Drift Tube for High Resolution Ion Mobility Spectrometry (Flex-DT-IMS)

Flexible Drift Tube for High Resolution Ion Mobility Spectrometry (Flex-DT-IMS)

Characterization of Biodegraded Ignitable Liquids by Headspace–Ion Mobility Spectrometry

A Rapid and Sensitive Quantitative Analysis Method for TNT using Raman Spectroscopy

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