Detection of ergopeptine alkaloids in endophyte-infected, toxic Ky-31 tall fescue by mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry

Yates, Scott R.; Plattner, Ronald D.; Garner, G. B.

doi:10.1021/jf00064a038

Cited by 145 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These other alkaloids are likely to contribute to the variable responses reported in the New Zealand literature, as ergovaline is the only ergot alkaloid that has been consistently evaluated and reported. Additionally, the percentage of ergovaline reported by Rowan and Shaw (1987) was substantially lower than what has been reported for tall fescue (Yates et al 1985;Lyons et al 1986) and this may be one explanation for the differences between the USA reports and those from New Zealand concerning ergovaline. …”

Section: What Is Ergovaline?mentioning

confidence: 62%

Ergovaline, an endophytic alkaloid. 1. Animal physiology and metabolism

Klotz

Nicol

2016

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Abstract. Ergovaline is an ergot alkaloid found in some endophyte-infected ryegrasses and it has been implicated in the expression of ergotism-like symptoms of grazing livestock, as well as in the protection of the plant against invertebrate predation and abiotic stresses. These selection pressures have resulted in a conflict between the needs of the pasture for persistence and the needs of the animal for production. Ergovaline has not been well studied in terms of animal physiology until recently. There are several putative mechanisms that limit the bioavailability of ergovaline, ranging from microbial biotransformation to post-absorptive hepatic detoxification. Although there are mechanisms that protect the animal from ergovaline exposure, tissues are very sensitive to ergovaline, indicating that ergovaline is very potent and that small quantities have the potential to cause noticeable physiological effects. The range of physiological effects, including decreased circulating prolactin, vasoconstriction and increased susceptibility to heat stress are all linked to the interaction of ergovaline with biogenic amine receptors found throughout the body. This review will focus on understanding the variation of ergovaline concentration in terms of bioavailability, the myriad of hurdles a molecule of ergovaline must overcome to cause an effect, what the ergovaline-induced effects are in New Zealand livestock and how this relates to the potency of ergovaline.

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Section: What Is Ergovaline?mentioning

confidence: 62%

Ergovaline, an endophytic alkaloid. 1. Animal physiology and metabolism

Klotz

Nicol

2016

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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“…Three important alkaloids are produced by the ryegrass endophyte: lolitrem B, ergovaline, and peramine. Lolitrem B causes ryegrass staggers (Gallagher et al 1981) and ergovaline is a cause of heat stress in warm, humid environments (Yates et al 1985). Peramine has been shown to protect the plant from attack by insects such as the Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis) (Rowan & Gaynor 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergovaline concentration in perennial ryegrass infected with a lolitrem B‐free fungal endophyte in north‐west Spain

Oliveira¹,

Rottinghaus

González³

2003

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Ergovaline concentrations in two perennial ryegrass genotypes (EI 19 and EI24) infected with one lolitrem B-free fungal endophyte were determined over a 3-year period at two different locations in north-west Spain. There was a significant sampling date effect over 3 years and two locations (P < 0.05). The mean ergovaline concentrations ranged from 0.06 ppm in early spring to 0.57 ppm in June. EI19 genotype had significantly (P < 0.05) higher ergovaline concentrations (0.37 ppm, SE = 0.09) than EI24 genotype (0.33 ppm, SE = 0.08) only at one location in year 2000. Under north-west Spanish conditions, ergovaline levels obtained in this study were not so high to reach values potentially toxic for animals. The results presented in this paper suggest that agriculturally useful ryegrass endophyte associations can be developed free from lolitrem B, and which do not accumulate excessive concentrations of ergovaline.

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“…1) [3,8,17] is the most prevalent (85-97%) of all ergopeptine alkaloids present in certain grasses, like tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), infected with an endophyte fungus of the genus Neotyphodium [4,12,18,19]. The presence of the fungus in the plant tissues is beneficial to the host (mutualistic symbiosis), but can be strongly detrimental to herbivorous animals fed an endophyted forage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicokinetics of ergovaline in the horse after an intravenous administration

et al. 2001

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-The toxicokinetics of ergovaline (an ergopeptine mycotoxin present in some grasses infected with endophytic fungus of the genus Neotyphodium) were studied after intravenous administration of a single dose of 15 µg/kg bwt in four gelding horses. Plasma ergovaline concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and the kinetic data were described by a three-compartment model. The elimination half-life and the total clearance of ergovaline were found to be 56.83 ± 13.48 min and 0.020 ± 0.004 L/min⋅kg, respectively. According to the toxicological data previously reported in the horse, and in spite of the very low dose administered, clinical signs were observed, including excessive coolness of the ears and the nose, excessive sweating and prostration. ergovaline / mycotoxin / horse / kinetics / NeotyphodiumRésumé -Étude toxicocinétique de l'ergovaline chez le cheval après injection intraveineuse. Les paramètres toxicocinétiques de l'ergovaline (un alcaloïde ergopeptidique présent dans les graminées porteuses d'un champignon endophyte du genre Neotyphodium) ont été déterminés après l'injection intraveineuse d'une dose de 15 µg/kg chez quatre chevaux hongres. Les concentrations plasmatiques d'ergovaline ont été mesurées par chromatographie liquide haute performance et les données cinétiques décrites selon un modèle à trois compartiments. La demi-vie d'élimination et la clairance totale de l'ergovaline ont été respectivement de 56,83 ± 13,48 min et de 0,020 ± 0,004 L/min⋅kg. Malgré la très faible dose administrée, des signes cliniques compatibles avec les données toxicologiques rapportées dans l'espèce équine ont été observés, à savoir hypothermie des oreilles et du nez, hypersudation et prostration.ergovaline / mycotoxine / cinétique / cheval / Neotyphodium Vet. Res. 32 (2001) 509-513 509

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Detection of ergopeptine alkaloids in endophyte-infected, toxic Ky-31 tall fescue by mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry

Cited by 145 publications

References 7 publications

Ergovaline, an endophytic alkaloid. 1. Animal physiology and metabolism

Ergovaline, an endophytic alkaloid. 1. Animal physiology and metabolism

Ergovaline concentration in perennial ryegrass infected with a lolitrem B‐free fungal endophyte in north‐west Spain

Toxicokinetics of ergovaline in the horse after an intravenous administration

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