Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in tonsillar tissue of children and the relationship with recurrent tonsillitis

Endo, Luiza Hayashi; Ferreira, Denise; Montenegro, Maria Carolina S.; Pinto, Gláucia A.; Altemani, Albina; Bortoleto, Antônio E.; Vassallo, José

doi:10.1016/s0165-5876(00)00446-8

Cited by 59 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…EBV DNA was also found in tonsils from this patient population (30.5%), with no age difference between the EBV-positive and -negative children. Previous reports have estimated the prevalence of EBV in nonneoplastic tonsils to be between 29% and 51% (Endo et al, 2001;Pai et al, 2004) and our findings were similar (30%). Eight patients (3.6%) had tonsillar coinfections with SV40 and EBV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Detection of polyomavirus SV40 in tonsils from immunocompetent children

Patel

Vilchez

Killen

et al. 2008

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Background-BK virus (BKV), JC virus (JCV) and simian virus 40 (SV40) are nonenveloped DNA viruses, members of the family Polyomaviridae. BK and JC viruses establish persistent infections in humans, and evidence suggests that SV40 can infect humans, as well. Whether persistence occurs in the lymphoid system is unknown.Methods-Paraffin-embedded tonsils from 220 immunocompetent children (mean age 9.3 years) were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect viral DNA of BKV, JCV, SV40, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).Results-Polyomavirus-specific DNA sequences were detected in 8.3% (29/351) of specimens collected from 220 children. Twenty-one (9.5%) children had polyomavirus DNA present in at least one tonsil, with sequences identified as SV40 (n=20) and BKV (n=1). Polyomavirus JCV was not detected. Among patients positive for SV40, 8 of 14 (57%) contained viral DNA in both available tonsils. EBV DNA was detected in 99 (28.2%) samples from 67 (30.5%) patients. Eleven samples (3.1%) from 8 (3.6%) children were positive for both polyomavirus and EBV. SV40-positive children were significantly older than the SV40-negative subjects (P < 0.001). T-antigen expression was detected in an SV40 DNA-positive tonsil by immunohistochemistry.Conclusions-These results suggest that SV40 can infect tonsils, that lymphoid tissue may represent a site for polyomavirus persistence, and that immunohistochemistry is not a useful detection assay when there are very few virus-infected cells in a tissue.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Detection of polyomavirus SV40 in tonsils from immunocompetent children

Patel

Vilchez

Killen

et al. 2008

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Many researchers have suggested that the tonsils are a possible replication site for this virus. 2,3,8,13 Molecular techniques have been used often for diagnosing and monitoring patients with virus diseases. The EBV-DNA can be identified by in situ hybridization (ISH) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR); some authors consider both equally sensitive for detecting the EBV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have suggested that virus infections may be involved in recurring infections, including the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and herpes simplex viruses. [2][3][4] The EBV was discovered in 1964 in a culture of Burkitt's lymphoma cells; in 1968 studies revealed that it caused infectious mononucleosis. 5 It is a herpesviridae of the subfamily gamaherpesvirinae, which infects most individuals before adult life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecção do vírus Epstein-Barr em tonsilites recorrentes

Dias

Rocha

Carvalho³

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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Recurrent tonsillitis has been the subject of frequent investigation. Misuse of antibiotic therapy in acute tonsillitis, changes to the tonsillar microflora, structural changes to the tonsillar crypts, and viral infections have been listed as predisposing or causal factors for recurrent tonsillitis. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection usually occurs in early childhood and may persist in tonsillar lymphocytes, thus leading to the onset of recurrent tonsillitis. Little is known about the persistence and reactivation of EBV strains in immunocompetent patients. Methods such as in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunochemistry have been used to study the pathogenesis of the EBV. Aim: this study aims to characterize the association between EBV and recurrent tonsillitis by investigating the presence of EBV through PCR and immunohistochemistry, using viral protein LMP-1 as a target. Study design: this is a cross-sectional study with analysis of sample prevalence. Materials and method: twenty-four paraffin-embedded tonsil specimens from the Pathology Service were selected. The specimens were removed from children aged between 2 and 12 years diagnosed with recurrent tonsillitis. Results: EBV genome was detected in 13 (54.1%) specimens, whereas viral protein LMP-1 was found in 9 (37.5%) specimens. Conclusion: children's tonsils can be colonized by EBV and such colonies may be associated with the pathogenesis of recurrent tonsillitis.

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“…Bacterial species that have been isolated are: Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Staphylococcus aureus. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] A decrease in the incidence of these pathogens could explain a decrease in adenotonsillar problems. The present study uses a national general practice database to explore the trend in the incidence of hypertrophy and recurrent infections of the tonsils/adenoids, and the causes of any changes identified, among children aged 0-14 years in the Netherlands.…”

Section: Changes In the Incidence Of A Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…• based on the literature, the major microbial pathogens of hypertrophy and infections of the tonsils/adenoids were listed; [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] • next, other frequent clinical manifestations of these pathogens were looked for and the corresponding ICPC codes selected. Clinical manifestations involving a general ICPC code, such as coughing (R05), were excluded; and • for each pathogen a cluster of ICPC codes was composed (Appendix 1).…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%