Detection of EGFR gene mutations for prescription of targeted drugs for non-small cell lung cancer

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer that occurs in both men and women. This tumor is the leading cause of death from cancer, accounting for 18.4% of the total number of deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 85% of all cases. Within its framework, adenocarcinoma (30-45%) and squamous cell carcinoma (25-40%) are most often found. Approximately 20% of patients living in the Russian Federation and suffering from non-small cell lung cancer have EGFR gene mutations. EGFR signaling pathways play an important role in the development of malignant tumors. They regulate cell cycle progression, influence apoptosis, stimulate the formation of new blood vessels and enhance the motility of cancer cells and their ability to metastasize. An in-depth understanding of the fundamental biology of rare EGFR mutations will help identify dependencies specific to these mutations. This knowledge can be used to develop therapeutic approaches targeting specific EGFR mutations and their impact on various pathologies. The results of these studies may help develop more precise and effective treatments that will specifically target specific EGFR mutations and their impact on various diseases.