Detection of Efflux Pumps Overexpression in Flouroquinolone Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Okasha, Hadir; Omar, Nancy; El-Hefnawy, Azza Mahmoud; Elghamrawi, May M.

doi:10.51429/ejmm30205

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Adding to this, the accompanied lengthy hospital stays, with the associated increase in morbidities and mortalities, as in the case of hospital acquired infections with multidrug resistant (MDR) strains with intrinsic resistance mechanisms as Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. This is considered a major problem in our institute 2- 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Rapid Disc Diffusion Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing for Gram Negative Non- fermenters: Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter

Okasha

Asser

Kholeif

2023

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background: Non fermentative Gram-negative bacilli are opportunistic pathogens associated with serious hospital infections. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these pathogens has become unpredictable and disc diffusion remains the preferred standardized, most used and cost-effective method according to the CLSI and EUCAST. However, the method is standardized for overnight incubation (16-18 hrs.), which delays result an extra day. Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the possibility and accuracy of manually interpreting disc diffusion zone diameter results for clinical isolates of Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas species, after 6 hrs. and 8 hrs. incubation, in comparison to the standard overnight incubation. Results: This study showed that there was a good level of agreement for early zone measurement of Acinetobacter AST after 6 hrs., which improved with extending incubation to 8 hrs. As for Pseudomonas species, zone measurement at 8 hrs. resulted in minor errors of 10.4% and very major errors of 1.2%, which just exceeds the guideline allowed limits. Conclusion: Rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing and interpretation was manually possible. Both Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were measurable at 8 hrs., but Acinetobacter measurements were more accurate with minimal errors, which makes it a promising cost-effective method for rapid delivery of AST results for Acinetobacter. These findings are worthy of further studies, to determine the best incubation time that would allow rapid results delivery with minimal errors for different bacterial species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Rapid Disc Diffusion Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing for Gram Negative Non- fermenters: Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter

Okasha

Asser

Kholeif

2023

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Of these, four multicomponent MDR resistance nodulation division (RND) efflux pumps (mexEF-OprN, mexXY-OprM, mexCD-OprJ, and mexAB-OprM) are the best described as antibiotic transporters in this organism. Some are regarded as a primary source of MDR because they can expel a variety of antibiotics and are constitutively expressed 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Efflux Pumps in Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Benha University Hospitals

Elmosallamy,

Tabl,

Ghanem

et al. 2024

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infections pose a significant risk to hospitalized patients due to its high prevalence and inherent resistance mechanisms. Efflux pumps, particularly the Mex family, contribute significantly to multidrug resistance (MDR) in P. aeruginosa. Objectives: To detect phenotypic and genotypic efflux pump-mediated antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa isolated from patients admitted to Benha University Hospitals. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was executed on 50 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from different clinical samples of patients admitted to hospitals of Benha University. The isolates underwent identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by means of VITEK® 2 compact system. The phenotypic identification of the efflux pumps was done by the Carbonyl Cyanide M-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone test (CCCP Test), followed by identification of different genes encoding efflux pump-mediated carbapenem resistance by PCR assays. Results: from the different clinical samples, P. aeruginosa were isolated mostly from sputum samples (30%), wound swabs (24%) and urine samples (22%). P. aeruginosa isolates exhibited varying sensitivities to tested antibiotics, showing the highest sensitivity to colistin (70%). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of meropenem and imipenem significantly decreased in the existence of CCCP, indicating efflux pump involvement. PCR results revealed a high prevalence of MexA (72.4%) and MexE (79.3%) genes, correlating well with phenotypic findings. Conclusion: Efflux pumps have a significant function in mediating antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa isolates. The correlation between phenotypic and genotypic results, particularly the prevalence of MexA and MexE genes, underscores the importance of efflux pumps in MDR in P. aeruginosa strains from this clinical setting.

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Phenotypic and genotypic assessment of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides resistances in Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from Minia hospitals, Egypt during COVID-19 pandemic

Boushra,

Gad,

Hassuna

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background One of the most prevalent bacteria that cause nosocomial infections is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fluoroquinolones (FQ) and aminoglycosides are vital antipseudomonal drugs, but resistance is increasingly prevalent. The study sought to investigate the diverse mechanisms underlying FQ and aminoglycoside resistance in various P. aeruginosa strains particularly during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods From various clinical and environmental samples, 110 P. aeruginosa isolates were identified and their susceptibility to several antibiotic classes was evaluated. Molecular techniques were used to track target gene mutations, the presence of genes encoding for quinolone resistance, modifying enzymes for aminoglycosides and resistance methyltransferase (RMT). Efflux pump role was assessed phenotypically and genotypically. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to measure clonal diversity. Results QnrS was the most frequently encountered quinolone resistance gene (37.5%) followed by qnrA (31.2%) and qnrD (25%). Among aminoglycoside resistant isolates, 94.1% harbored modifying enzymes genes, while RMT genes were found in 55.9% of isolates. The aac(6')-Ib and rmtB were the most prevalent genes (79.4% and 32.3%, respectively). Most FQ resistant isolates overexpressed mexA (87.5%). RAPD fingerprinting showed 63.2% polymorphism. Conclusions Aminoglycosides and FQ resistance observed in this study was attributed to several mechanisms with the potential for cross-contamination existence so, strict infection control practices are crucial.

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Detection of Efflux Pumps Overexpression in Flouroquinolone Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Rapid Disc Diffusion Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing for Gram Negative Non- fermenters: Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter

Rapid Disc Diffusion Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing for Gram Negative Non- fermenters: Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter

Detection of Efflux Pumps in Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Benha University Hospitals

Phenotypic and genotypic assessment of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides resistances in Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from Minia hospitals, Egypt during COVID-19 pandemic

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