Detection of Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Novel Functional Parameters of the Focal Cone Electroretinogram

Wood, Ashley; Margrain, Thomas Hengist; Binns, Alison

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096742

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Simply twelve articles on human research and ten articles in animal research are based on the ERG frequency-domain analysis in the literature. The human-related papers that analyzed ERG in the frequency domain used the FFT, PSD [31,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47], and two of them utilized LP [37][38]. It is hard to compare studies because of the variations in the ERG components from different cells and retinal layers and various retinal diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feature Extraction Methods for Electroretinogram Signal Analysis: A Review

2021

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Feature extraction is an essential aspect of Electroretinogram (ERG) signal analysis. The extracted features are beneficial to analyze the signal further and compress the signal for storage or transmission purposes. Various methods have been widely employed to extract the characteristics of ERG signals. Methods based on the time-domain, frequency-domain, time-frequency domain and nonlinear and chaotic feature extraction techniques have been used to extract features that characterize ERG signals. This paper reviews several feature extraction methods applied to ERG and compares their performance under different conditions to provide guidance to select the most appropriate feature extraction method based on the performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McAnany et al [44] evaluated the nature of changes in light-adapted flicker ERG's fundamental and harmonic components. The ffERG of visually normal subjects were studied using frequency analysis to obtain the amplitude and the three harmonic response components.…”

Section: Comparison Of Frequency-domain-based Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feature Extraction Methods for Electroretinogram Signal Analysis: A Review

2021

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“…We analyzed our data and calculated A and B-wave amplitudes and latency in MatLab (Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA) following a standardized approach. [34]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Delta-Sarcoglycan (Sgcd) Results in Retinal Degeneration

Perez-Ortiz

Peralta-Ildefonso

Lira-Romero

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss and severe blindness among the elderly population. Recently, we reported on the association of the SGCD gene (encoding for δ-sarcoglycan) polymorphisms with AMD. However, the functional consequence of Sgcd alterations in retinal degeneration is not known. Herein, we characterized changes in the retina of the Sgcd knocked-out mouse (KO, Sgcd−/−). At baseline, we analyzed the retina structure of three-month-old wild-type (WT, Sgcd+/+) and Sgcd−/− mice by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, assessed the Sgcd–protein complex (α-, β-, γ-, and ε-sarcoglycan, and sarcospan) by immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blot (WB), and performed electroretinography. Compared to the WT, Sgcd−/− mice are five times more likely to have retinal ruptures. Additionally, all the retinal layers are significantly thinner, more so in the inner plexiform layer (IPL). In addition, the number of nuclei in the KO versus the WT is ever so slightly increased. WT mice express Sgcd-protein partners in specific retinal layers, and as expected, KO mice have decreased or no protein expression, with a significant increase in the α subunit. At three months of age, there were no significant differences in the scotopic electroretinographic responses, regarding both a- and b-waves. According to our data, Sgcd−/− has a phenotype that is compatible with retinal degeneration.

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“…Different typologies of ERG are available: focal ERG (fERG), full-field ERG (ffERG), pattern ERG (PERG) and multifocal ERG (mfERG). fERG measures the functional integrity of the fovea and can be useful in cases of age-related macular degeneration [ 85 ]. In contrast, ffERG measures the stimulation of the entire retina with a full-field flash stimulus under dark-adapted (scotopic) and light-adapted (photopic) conditions.…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular siderosis: a misdiagnosed cause of visual loss due to ferrous intraocular foreign bodies—epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, imaging and available treatment options

et al. 2020

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a meaningful literature review about the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, imaging and treatment of ocular siderosis (OS). Methods A computerized search from inception up to March 2020 of the online electronic database PubMed was performed using the following search strings: “ocular siderosis” and “siderosis bulbi”. The reference list in each article was analysed for additional relevant publications. Results OS is an uncommon cause of visual loss due to a retained ferrous intraocular foreign body (IOFB). It may develop from 18 days to years after a penetrating trauma that usually occurs during hammering. On average, patients are 22–25 years old, and the vast majority are male. The most common cause of OS development is delayed presentation by the patient or missed diagnosis of IOFB after trauma. The pathophysiology is not fully understood; nevertheless, iron deposition causes hydroxyl radical formation, which damages photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium. Moreover, iron damages retinal vessels with consequent inner retinal layers degeneration. The most frequent signs are iris heterochromia, pupillary mydriasis, cataract development and retinal arteriolar narrowing with pigmentary retinal degeneration. Electroretinogram signs, in particular, b-wave amplitude reduction, arise earlier than clinical signs. Orbital CT scans and ultrasonography play an essential role in detecting IOFBs. Treatment depends on the IOFB location and OS development. However, it is crucial to remove the IOFB after OS development because visual acuity and clinical signs may improve. Anterior segment IOFBs can be dislodged using an intraocular magnet (IOM) or forceps through limbal paracentesis. In contrast, posterior segment IOFBs require a pars plana vitrectomy and IOM or forceps to be removed through an enlarged sclerotomy or the limbus. Conclusion Recommending the usage of protective glasses and spreading knowledge about OS may further benefit patient care.

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Detection of Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Novel Functional Parameters of the Focal Cone Electroretinogram

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Feature Extraction Methods for Electroretinogram Signal Analysis: A Review

Feature Extraction Methods for Electroretinogram Signal Analysis: A Review

Lack of Delta-Sarcoglycan (Sgcd) Results in Retinal Degeneration

Ocular siderosis: a misdiagnosed cause of visual loss due to ferrous intraocular foreign bodies—epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, imaging and available treatment options

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