Detection of Demagnetization Faults in Axial Flux Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Wind Generators

Lamprokostopoulos, A.; Mitronikas, Epaminondas D.; Barmpatza, Alexandra C.

doi:10.3390/en15093220

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The aforementioned machine has been constructed in the laboratory [14,23,45], for both single-rotor and double-rotor topologies. Figure 2 illustrates the corresponding experimental setup.…”

Section: Experimental Validation Of the Generator Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neutral Voltage Difference Signal as a Means of Investigating Eccentricity and Demagnetization Faults in an AFPM Synchronous Generator

Barmpatza

2023

Machines

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This article investigates the neutral voltage difference signal, VNO signal, for fault diagnosis. The aforementioned signal is the signal of the voltage between the common star point of the stator and the common star point of the load. The under-study faults are demagnetization and static eccentricity faults, while the machine in which the faults are investigated is an axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) synchronous generator, suitable for wind power applications. This study was conducted using a 3D finite element method (3D-FEM), and the machine’s FEM model was validated through experiments. This method is one of the most accurate methods for electrical machine computation, allowing for a detailed study of electromagnetic behavior. The components that constitute the VNO signal were determined using a 3D-FEM software program (Opera 18R2). Subsequently, further analysis was performed using MATLAB R2022b software, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) was applied to this signal. In all the investigated faulty cases, new harmonics appeared, and the healthy amplitudes of most of the already existing harmonics increased. These findings can be used for fault identification. The analysis revealed that the harmonic frequency of 1.5fs was the most dominant in the case of demagnetization, while in the case of static eccentricity, the most dominant harmonic was a frequency equal to the machine’s operating frequency, fs. The novelty of this study is that this signal has not previously been used for fault identification, especially in AFPM synchronous machines. This signal depends on EMF voltage and stator phase currents but is less sinusoidal. Consequently, it can detect faults in cases where the aforementioned signals cannot be used for detection.

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“…The aforementioned machine has been constructed in the laboratory [14,23,45], for both single-rotor and double-rotor topologies. Figure 2 illustrates the corresponding experimental setup.…”

Section: Experimental Validation Of the Generator Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neutral Voltage Difference Signal as a Means of Investigating Eccentricity and Demagnetization Faults in an AFPM Synchronous Generator

Barmpatza

2023

Machines

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“…However, condition monitoring (CM) is necessary to avoid anomalies and fault conditions. Different faults may appear during PMSM operation and can be related to the rotor [1], bearings [2], magnets [3], or stator windings [4]. Continuous and online condition monitoring of the system offers the possibility for early fault detection and thus better maintenance planning [5], avoidance of catastrophic faults, and reduction in downtime [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outlier Detection for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Fault Detection and Severity Estimation

Koutrakos,

Mitronikas

2024

Applied Sciences

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Today, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are a dominant choice in industry applications. During operation, different possible faults in the system can occur, so early and automated fault detection and severity estimation are required to ensure smooth operation and optimal maintenance planning. In this direction, outlier detection methods are employed in this paper. The motor’s current signals are used to extract useful indicators of the fault, along with d-q transform. Statistical indicators in both time and frequency domains are selected to describe fault-related patterns. Based on the extracted features, three outlier detection methods are investigated: the Isolation Forest, the One Class Support Vector Machine, and the Robust Covariance Ellipse. Each method is investigated through different model parameters to evaluate fault detection and severity estimation capabilities. Finally, an ensemble approach is proposed based on decisions and outlier score ensemble. The proposed methodology is verified through different operating conditions in a PMSM test bench.

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“…In the literature, many studies have investigated both design optimization [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and fault identification [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] of wind generators. However, a small proportion of these studies…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Financial Aspects behind Designing a Wind Turbine Generator

Barmpatza,

Peltier,

Condaxakis

et al. 2024

Wind

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This article investigates the construction of a wind power generator requiring the lowest possible cost. The proposed model is an Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) Synchronous Machine, which contains two iron rotors and a coreless stator between them, constructed from resin. The scientific contribution relates to the coupling of economic and technical parameters, which will clarify the feasibility, i.e., a wind turbine construction capable of producing approximately 3.5 KW, using a simple mill and a generator of nominal rotor speed 100 rpm. Such studies are few in international literature and mainly concern low levels of rotor speed in relation to the produced output power. For the generator dimensioning, analytical equations are used, while the type and the dimensions of the magnets are determined, before the start of dimensioning. The authors carried out research in the international market, ending up with specific cost-effective magnets, while trying to adjust the remaining dimensions and materials of the machine based on these cost-effective magnets and the aforementioned nominal values of the generator. The machine, whose dimensions are derived by analytical equations, was simulated and analyzed using the Two-Dimensional Finite Element Method (2D-FEM) and the Three-Dimensional Finite Element Method (3D-FEM), for comparison purposes. Moreover, an economic analysis of the generator and its individual parts was conducted. Finally, a novel idea for reducing the total generator cost is proposed, by replacing the rotor disks with rings. The investigation revealed that analytical equations can predict with satisfactory accuracy the generator’s parameters. In addition, as permanent magnets are the most expensive materials in the construction, their predetermination using low-cost magnets can reduce the construction cost. Finally, the proposed concept of a ring-shaped rotor instead of a disk rotor, provides a cost reduction of up to 20%.

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Detection of Demagnetization Faults in Axial Flux Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Wind Generators

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

The Neutral Voltage Difference Signal as a Means of Investigating Eccentricity and Demagnetization Faults in an AFPM Synchronous Generator

The Neutral Voltage Difference Signal as a Means of Investigating Eccentricity and Demagnetization Faults in an AFPM Synchronous Generator

Outlier Detection for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Fault Detection and Severity Estimation

The Financial Aspects behind Designing a Wind Turbine Generator

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