Detection of Coronavirus in Capybaras (Hydrochoeris hydrochaeris) by Transmission Electron Microscopy in São Paulo, Brazil

Catroxo, Márcia Helena Braga; Miranda, Leopoldo; Lavorenti, A; Petrella, Selma; Melo, Nildo Aparecido de; Martins, A. M. C. P. F

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022010000200035

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Serological assays have shown the presence of Rabies virus (family Rhabdovirus ), which is believed to be transmitted to the capybaras by blood-feeding bats [12]. Finally, following a diarrhoea outbreak from a group of capybaras in a city from São Paulo state, Brazil, a coronavirus (family Coronavridae ) was identified based on transmission electron microscopy [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Stranded DNA Viruses Associated with Capybara Faeces Sampled in Brazil

Fontenele

Lacorte

Lamas

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), the world’s largest rodents, are distributed throughout South America. These wild herbivores are commonly found near water bodies and are well adapted to rural and urban areas. There is limited information on the viruses circulating through capybaras. This study aimed to expand the knowledge on the viral diversity associated with capybaras by sampling their faeces. Using a viral metagenomics approach, we identified diverse single-stranded DNA viruses in the capybara faeces sampled in the Distrito Federal, Brazil. A total of 148 complete genomes of viruses in the Microviridae family were identified. In addition, 14 genomoviruses (family Genomoviridae), a novel cyclovirus (family Circoviridae), and a smacovirus (family Smacoviridae) were identified. Also, 37 diverse viruses that cannot be assigned to known families and more broadly referred to as unclassified circular replication associated protein encoding single-stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses were identified. This study provides a snapshot of the viral diversity associated with capybaras that may be infectious to these animals or associated with their microbiota or diet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Stranded DNA Viruses Associated with Capybara Faeces Sampled in Brazil

Fontenele

Lacorte

Lamas

et al. 2019

Viruses

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“…Several outbreaks of viral diseases were detected in wild animals using electron microscopy techniques. An enteric coronavirus was detected in capybaras [106] and the presence of poxvirus and paramyxovirus was confirmed in wild birds [32,98].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Veterinary Diagnostic using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Catroxo¹,

Martins²

2015

The Transmission Electron Microscope - Theory and Applications

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Transmission electron microscopy has been an excellent tool, essential for the diagnosis of bacterial and viral animal diseases. Four basic techniques have been widely used: negative staining (rapid preparation), immunoelectron microscopy, immunolabeling with colloidal gold particles and resin embedding. The negative staining technique (rapid preparation) is the most applied, due to its speed, simplicity and specificity and can be used in various clinical specimens-such as feces, semen, urine, serum, organ fragments, crusts, body fluids, cell culture suspension, oral, ocular and fecal swabs, among others-, in which the agents can be directly viewed in large numbers in the samples. The immunoelectron microscopy technique using a specific primary antibody promotes the clumping of particles, also allowing the serotyping of the agents. In the immunolabeling with colloidal gold technique antigen-antibody reaction is enhanced by marking the antigen colloidal gold particles associated with protein A. The method of resin embedding, followed by ultrathin sections of cells or infected tissues can monitor the different stages of maturation viruses or bacteria and their behavior inside of host cells by determining not only the infection, but also the course of the disease in farms. The techniques can be applied to all animal species, either large or small, including aquatic and wild animals. Its implementation allows rapid diagnosis, providing subsidies for the immediate institution of prophylactic measures, and control and prevention of bacterial and viral animal diseases.

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“…As previously described, tissue culture suspensions have been prepared. On a carbon-coated grid, drops of the acquired suspension were placed; next, the grids were drained with filter paper before drying and negatively stained with 2% phosphotungstic acid, pH 5.0, then examined with TEM at EM-Unit, Central research laboratories, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University and examined according to Catroxo et al, 2010.…”

Section: Identification Of Bcov Isolate By Negative Staining Transmission Electron Microscopy (Tem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Bovine Coronavirus from Calves with Acute Gastroenteritis in Egypt

Moussa¹,

Afify²,

Salah³

et al. 2021

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This study was intended for the antigenic and molecular characterization of betacoronavirus 1 (bovine coronavirus) BCoV in newborn gastroenteritis calves in the Delta Region, Menofia Province, Egypt, also for isolation and identification of the local circulating BCoV strain for further diagnosis or vaccination. In cattle, Betacoronavirus 1 bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is primarily involved in enteric infections which leads to serious complication which may be fatal in young calves up to 3 months of age. A total of 20 fecal samples were collected in the winter season of 2018 and 2019, all samples were serologically screening by antigencapture ELISA, then molecular confirmation by RT-PCR targeted to nucleocapsid protein gene (N-gene) was carried out followed by phylogenetic analysis. Positive samples were isolated on Vero cell culture and identified by TEM and immune-peroxidase technique. Betacoronavirus 1 was detected by ELISA in 6 out of 20 fecal samples (30%), PCR detected 4 out of 6 ELISA positive samples at specific M.W. band of 236 bp by electrophoresis, and one sample was sequenced and submitted on Genbank with acc.no. MW173144, further phylogenetic sequence analysis revealed high percentage of identity with reference strains from different countries. Phylogenetic tree cleared that current research strain was found related to France strains 2013 and 2014, also to local Egypt strain 2019 with acc.no. MN053321, two samples were successfully isolated in Vero cells and positively identified after the 3 rd passage by TEM and immune-peroxidase technique. ELISA results are considered an alarmingly high prevalence that requires further statistically designed epidemiological studies, phylogenetic analysis revealed minimum evolution rate and stability of BCoV genome.

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Detection of Coronavirus in Capybaras (Hydrochoeris hydrochaeris) by Transmission Electron Microscopy in São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Single Stranded DNA Viruses Associated with Capybara Faeces Sampled in Brazil

Single Stranded DNA Viruses Associated with Capybara Faeces Sampled in Brazil

Veterinary Diagnostic using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Bovine Coronavirus from Calves with Acute Gastroenteritis in Egypt

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