Detection of coproantigen in early trichinellosis

Boulos, Loutfy; Ibrahim, Iman; Negm, A Y; Aly, Samia

doi:10.1051/parasite/200108s2136

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Accordingly, if simplified and inexpensive protocols are developed, the immunologic detection of hookworm coproantigens may represent an attractive diagnostic alternative to fecal egg assays. Coproantigen ELISAs have previously been reported for nematodes such as Haemonchus contortus 25 and Teladorsagia circumcincta 26 in sheep, Ostertagia ostertagi in cattle, 27 Heligmosomoides polygyrus 28 and Trichinella spiralis 29 in mice, and Strongyloides ratti in rats. 30 However, to our knowledge this is the first report of the technique being applied to the diagnosis and evaluation of experimental hookworm infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Excretory/Secretory Coproantigens in Experimental Hookworm Infection

Bungiro

Cappello

2005

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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This report describes the detection of hookworm excretory/secretory (ES) antigens in soluble hamster fecal extracts by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A rabbit polyclonal IgG antibody against Ancylostoma ceylanicum ES was used to capture hookworm coproantigens that were then detected using pooled, high-titer, infected hamster serum. The ELISA was capable of detecting ES proteins over a range of 10 ng/mL to 10 mug/mL when the antigens were diluted in buffer or uninfected fecal extract, and ES could be detected in infected hamster feces at dilutions up to 1:256. Examination of the kinetics of coproantigen production demonstrated that detectable amounts of ES were produced as early as four days after A. ceylanicum infection, whereas fecal eggs were not observed until day 17. Moreover, fecal ES levels correlated well with intestinal worm burden and could be detected in wet or dry stool samples stored for 14 days over a temperature range of -80 degrees C to 37 degrees C. The fecal ELISA was then adapted to analyze the excretion of AceES-2, a novel immunogenic ES protein recently cloned from A. ceylanicum cDNA. AceES-2 was found to be excreted in feces with kinetics similar to that of whole ES. Examination of individual hookworm antigens by this method will provide new insights into the molecular host-parasite interaction and may form the basis for future diagnostic methods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Excretory/Secretory Coproantigens in Experimental Hookworm Infection

Bungiro

Cappello

2005

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Trichinosis remains an important zoonotic foodborne parasitic disease, affecting man and many other mammals, of worldwide distribution (Boulos et al 2001). The pig is the main source of infection to man.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application and assessment of a dipstick assay in the diagnosis of hydatidosis and trichinosis

Al-Sherbiny

Farrag

Fayad

et al. 2004

Parasitology Research

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The aim of the present work was to apply and evaluate a dipstick assay for the serodiagnosis of human hydatidosis as well as human and experimental trichinosis using camel hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) and Trichinella spiralis muscle larval (TSML) antigens, respectively, and compare this to enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) and Falcon assay screening test-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FAST-ELISA). Sera samples were collected from patients with confirmed hydatidosis and trichinosis and with other parasitic diseases as well as from normal healthy individuals. Also, sera samples were collected from mice experimentally infected with T. spiralis which were sacrificed at different time points post-infection (PI). HCF and TSML antigens were used in EITB after separation and characterization of their antigenic components using 5-22.5% sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non-reducing condition. For the diagnosis of hydatidosis, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of the dipstick assay and EITB were 100, 91.4 and 95.1% while those of FAST-ELISA were 96.2, 100 and 98.4%, respectively. For the diagnosis of human trichinosis, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of the dipstick assay and EITB were 100% while those of FAST-ELISA were 85.7%. FAST-ELISA proved to be more sensitive in the early diagnosis of experimental T. spiralis infection (100% sensitivity from the second week PI) than the dipstick and EITB (100% sensitivity from the third week PI). All tests retained their sensitivity till the 12th week PI. Since the dipstick assay is extremely easy to perform with a visually interpreted result within 15 min, in addition to being both sensitive and specific, the test could be an acceptable alternative for use in clinical laboratories lacking specialized equipment and the technological expertise needed for EITB and FAST-ELISA.

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“…probably because at this stage all worms have already been expelled and the larvae have already reached the tissues. These results were confirmed by Boulos., et al [4] who suggested that the detected antigen could…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capture ELISA was used for the determination of Trichinella coproantigen using T. spiralis Antigen Detection-Microwell ELISA [4,20].…”

Section: Trichinella Spiralis Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, up till now, there is no accurate method to diagnose trichinellosis at the early stages of infection. This drawback may limit medical intervention at early stages of disease [4]. The present work was designed to study sensitive diagnostic methods for early detection of T. spiralis infection by tracking the existence of T. spiralis antigen in stool and serum of infected rats in comparison to the onset of antibodies formation in serum.…”

Section: ** Highly Significantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copro- Diagnosis of Early Trichinella spiralis Infection in Experimental Animals

Ashour¹,

Assad²,

El-Kowrany³

et al. 2018

acta scient microb

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Trichinellosis is a zoonosis acquired by the ingestion of undercooked meat containing the infective larvae of Trichinella spiralis. Trichinellosis continues to be a public health concern throughout the world. It has been estimated that 11 million people worldwide could be infected [1]. Murrell and Pozio [2] reported that there is an increase in the occurrence of infection among pigs and wildlife, with a consequent increase among humans in the past 10 years. Trichinellosis is of such varied symptomatology that includes abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, myalgia and periorbital oedema and it resembles other conditions such as nephritis, encephalitis, myositis and tetanus. Particularly, the early phase of infection is difficult to diagnose due to the non-specificity of the signs and symptoms that may be misdiagnosed as alimentary intoxication or enterobacterial infection [3]. The diagnosis of intestinal infections by detection of parasitespecific antigens in faeces (coproantigens) is an approach applied to a broad range of infectious organisms [6]. This new approach has been implemented for intravital diagnostics of taeniasis and echinococcosis. The highest degree of coproantigen excretion is during the progressive growth and maturation of the adult worms with increased shedding of surface antigens that is associated with a higher metabolic rate just before patency [7,8]. Diagnosis of trichinellosis relies largely on the serodiagnostic procedures to detect antibodies which are of great value but unfortunately most of the diagnostic methodologies have not been able to detect the early phase of the infection when an anti-parasitic treatment would be most effective [4]. Moreover, the detection of Trichinella circulating antigens in the serum needs an extremely sensitive and stable system to detect minute quantities of circulating antigens as it fluctuates widely at various periods post infection. Therefore, it is mandatory to use; otherwise, false negative results may be easily obtained [5]. The main advantages of the coproantigen assay over other diagnostic methods are that coproantigens indicate the current infection only. Moreover, coproantigen excretion is closely correlated to the presence of intestinal immature and mature parasite stages and their numbers. In addition, they are detected earlier than antibodies and it does not depend on the ability of the host to develop antibody response [9]. Studies on coproantigens indicated that they are resistant to degradation by faecal enzymes, protease-insensitive and remain active after formalin treatment and even contamination by bacteria and fungi [10]. They also could be detected regardless of faecal condition; and thus coproantigen detection is useful even on faeces excreted more than 1 week previously [11]. Moreover, coproantigens are heat stable. This heat stability may be due to their highly glycosylated nature, which may also protect any protein core. Such stability is of practical importance in epide

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Detection of coproantigen in early trichinellosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Detection of Excretory/Secretory Coproantigens in Experimental Hookworm Infection

Detection of Excretory/Secretory Coproantigens in Experimental Hookworm Infection

Application and assessment of a dipstick assay in the diagnosis of hydatidosis and trichinosis

Copro- Diagnosis of Early Trichinella spiralis Infection in Experimental Animals

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