Detection of congestive heart failure by mitral annular displacement in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy – concordance between tissue Doppler imaging–derived tissue tracking and M-mode

Bach, Maiken Bayer Thode; Grevsen, J.R.; Kiely, Michele; Willesen, Jakob L.; Koch, J.

doi:10.1016/j.jvc.2021.06.003

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In this study, we aimed to assess AAPSE in a cohort of cats without structural heart disease (control group) and those with HCM stages B and C. We demonstrated that AAPSE is lower in cats with HCM Although HCM is typically defined as a disease resulting in diastolic dysfunction, it is well established both in cats and humans that as the disease progresses, systolic function is also impaired. 2,[27][28][29] In addition, although HCM is typically associated with increased (hyperdynamic) LVFS%, this variable more likely represents changes in loading conditions and LV internal dimensions due to hypertrophy, rather than a true increase in systolic function. 28,[30][31][32] Cardiac contraction depends on longitudinal shortening, circumferential shortening, radial shortening and an axial twist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Although primarily a disease resulting in diastolic dysfunction, declining LV systolic function in HCM and association with a worse outcome is described in humans and cats. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Systolic function of the LV is determined by a complex arrangement of myofibers which contribute to longitudinal LV shortening, circumferential and radial shortening and an axial twist. 8 In people with HCM, reductions in LV longitudinal function, assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS), occur before documentation of a reduced ejection fraction, 9,10 and this is documented in cats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13 Cats with HCM with a reduced MAPSE are more likely to be in congestive heart failure (CHF) and have a worse prognosis. 2,4,6 But this measurement requires a left apical view, which can be challenging to acquire especially in unstable cats. In humans, aortic annular plane systolic excursion (AAPSE) is suggested as a marker of LV longitudinal systolic function which is technically easier to obtain and correlates with MAPSE and GLS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heart disease in cats, characterized by an increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness in the absence of other cardiovascular or systemic causes 1 . Although primarily a disease resulting in diastolic dysfunction, declining LV systolic function in HCM and association with a worse outcome is described in humans and cats 2‐7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cats with HCM with a reduced MAPSE are more likely to be in congestive heart failure (CHF) and have a worse prognosis 2,4,6 . But this measurement requires a left apical view, which can be challenging to acquire especially in unstable cats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aortic annular plane systolic excursion in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Dutton,

Spalla,

Seo

et al. 2023

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundImpairment of left ventricular (LV) longitudinal function is an early marker of systolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Aortic annular plane systolic excursion (AAPSE) is a measure of LV longitudinal function in people that has not been evaluated in cats.HypothesisAortic annular plane systolic excursion is lower in cats with HCM compared to control cats, and cats in stage C have the lowest AAPSE.AnimalsOne hundred seventy‐five cats: 60 normal, 61 HCM stage B and 54 HCM stage C cats.MaterialsMulticenter retrospective case‐control study. Electronic medical records from 4 referral hospitals were reviewed for cats diagnosed with HCM and normal cats. HCM was defined as LV wall thickness ≥6 mm and normal cats ≤5 mm. M‐mode bisecting the aorta in right parasternal short‐axis view was used to measure AAPSE.ResultsAortic annular plane systolic excursion was lower in HCM cats compared to normal cats (3.9 ± 0.9 mm versus 4.6 ± 0.9 mm, P < .001) and was lowest in HCM stage C (2.4 ± 0.6 mm, P < .001). An AAPSE <2.9 mm gave a sensitivity of 83% (95% CI 71%‐91%) and specificity of 92% (95% CI 82%‐97%) to differentiate HCM stage C from stage B. AAPSE correlated with mitral annular plane systolic excursion (r = .6 [.4‐.7], P < .001), and atrial fractional shortening (r = .6 [.5‐.7], P < .001), but showed no correlation with LV fractional shortening.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAortic annular plane systolic excursion is an easily acquired echocardiographic variable and might be a new measurement of LV systolic performance in cats with HCM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Aortic annular plane systolic excursion in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Dutton,

Spalla,

Seo

et al. 2023

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Non-invasive assessment of left ventricular relaxation property using color M-mode-derived intraventricular pressure gradients in cats

Matsuura

Bach

Takahashi

et al. 2022

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology

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Clinical and necropsy evaluation of endocardial fibroelastosis in a mixed-breed cat with left side heart failure

Yoshida¹,

Cheng²,

Mandour³

et al. 2022

Vet. Med. - Czech

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A two-month-old, male intact, mixed-breed cat weighing 0.6 kg was presented with respiratory distress and anorexia. From the transthoracic echocardiographic, reduced fractional shortening (FS) and increased endocardial echogenicity were recognised with severe congestive heart failure (CHF). The kitten was administered an antibiotic and pimobendane under oxygen supplementation in an ICU cage. However, the respiratory condition worsened and the cat died the next day, and the subsequent necropsy and histopathology examinations confirmed endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE). There is a lack of information regarding the antemortem cardiac function evaluated by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in EFE cases. We report on the echocardiographic findings including the TDI in the EFE cat with a concomitant necropsy and histopathology confirmation in this paper. The echocardiographic findings showed presence of a ventricular false tendon within the left ventricle, a decrease in the left ventricular contractility (FS 11.1%, and a marked CHF). In this case, the echocardiographic findings were consistent with the human counterpart. However, these findings were like those of dilated cardiomyopathy and, hence, non-specific to EFE. As a result, veterinarians should keep in mind that endocardial fibroelastosis might be a possible reason for respiratory distress resulting from CHF with a low fractional shortening in young cats.

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Detection of congestive heart failure by mitral annular displacement in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy – concordance between tissue Doppler imaging–derived tissue tracking and M-mode

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

Aortic annular plane systolic excursion in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Aortic annular plane systolic excursion in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Non-invasive assessment of left ventricular relaxation property using color M-mode-derived intraventricular pressure gradients in cats

Clinical and necropsy evaluation of endocardial fibroelastosis in a mixed-breed cat with left side heart failure

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