Detection of circulating hepatitis B virus immune escape and polymerase mutants among HBV-positive patients attending Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Central African Republic

Koyaweda, Giscard Wilfried; Ongus, Juliette R.; Machuka, Eunice; Juma, John; Macharia, Rosaline W.; Komas, Narcisse; Pellé, Roger

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.10.039

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Other mutations with clinical significance were sY100S, sK122R, sM197T, sW201*, sS204R and sS204N which impair the production and secretion of HBsAg, associated with low HBV viral load and OBI [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 34 , 35 , 37 ]. In the polymerase region, the most common mutations were rtS109P, rtM129L and rtV163I found in seven participants each similar to other studies which reported these mutations in genotype A and indeed these mutations were present in genotype A in this study [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. These three mutations appeared together in six genotype A participants; rtS109P was also found in genotype E. We report no classic drug resistance-associated mutations such as rtL80I/V, rtV173L, rtL180M, rtA181S, rtA194T, rtS202I, rtM204V/I, rtN236T and rtM250L/V associated with resistance against lamivudine, telbivudine, adefovir, entecavir and tenofovir in this study similar to other studies [ 21 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In the polymerase region, the most common mutations were rtS109P, rtM129L and rtV163I found in seven participants each similar to other studies which reported these mutations in genotype A and indeed these mutations were present in genotype A in this study [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. These three mutations appeared together in six genotype A participants; rtS109P was also found in genotype E. We report no classic drug resistance-associated mutations such as rtL80I/V, rtV173L, rtL180M, rtA181S, rtA194T, rtS202I, rtM204V/I, rtN236T and rtM250L/V associated with resistance against lamivudine, telbivudine, adefovir, entecavir and tenofovir in this study similar to other studies [ 21 , 51 , 52 ]. The rtY135S mutation was mostly seen in the treatment of non-responders and some studies classified it under drug resistance mutations against lamivudine, telbivudine, adefovir and entecavir but its characterization is not yet concluded [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana

Anderson,

Mangogola,

Phinius

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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(1) Background: we determined the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst people without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in rural and peri-urban areas in Botswana. (2) Methods: We screened for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from archived plasma samples of people without HIV (n = 2135) randomly selected from the Botswana Combination Prevention Program (BCPP) (2013–2018). We sequenced 415 bp of the surface region using BigDye sequencing chemistry. (3) Results: The median age of participants was 31 (IQR: 24–46) and 64% (1360/2135) were female. HBV prevalence was 4.0% (86/2135) [95% CI: 3.3–4.9]) and ranged between 0–9.2%. Older participants (>35 years) had increased odds of HBV positivity (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: [1.32–2.86]; p = 0.001). Thirteen samples were sequenced and seven (53.8%) were genotype A, three (23.1%) were genotype D and genotype E each. Clinically significant mutations were identified in the surface region, but no classic drug resistance mutations were identified. (4) Conclusions: We report an HBV prevalence of 4.0% (95% CI 3.3–4.9) among people without HIV in rural and peri-urban communities in Botswana with varying rates in different communities. A comprehensive national HBV program is required in Botswana to guide HBV prevention, testing and management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana

Anderson,

Mangogola,

Phinius

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…In the polymerase region, the most common mutations were rtS109P, rtM129L and rtV163I found in 7 participants each similar to other studies which reported these mutations in genotype A and indeed these mutations were present in genotype A in this study [50][51][52]. These 3 mutations appeared together in 6 genotype A participants, rtS109P was also found in genotype E. We report no classic drug resistance-associated mutations such as rtL80I/V, rtV173L, rtL180M, rtA181S, rtA194T, rtS202I, rtM204V/I, rtN236T and rtM250L/V associated with resistance against lamivudine, telbivudine, adefovir, entecavir and tenofovir in this study similar to other studies [22,52,53]. The rtY135S mutation was mostly seen in treatment non-responders and some studies classified it under drug resistance mutations against lamivudine, telbivudine, adefovir and entecavir but its characterization is not yet concluded [54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence Among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana

Anderson,

Mangogola,

Phinius

et al. 2024

Preprint

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(1) Background: We determined the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst people without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in rural and peri-urban areas in Botswana. (2) Methods: We screened hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from archived plasma samples of people without HIV (n=2135) randomly selected from the Botswana Combination Prevention Program (BCPP) (2013–2018). We sequenced 415 bp of the surface region using BigDye sequencing chemistry. (3) Results: The median age of participants was 31 (IQR: 24–46) and 64% (1360/2135) were female. HBsAg prevalence was 4.0% (86/2135) [95% CI: 3.3 – 4.9]) and ranged between 0%–9.2%. Older participants (>35 years) had increased odds of HBsAg positivity (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: [1.32–2.86]; p = 0.001. Thirteen samples were sequenced and 7 (53.8%) were genotype A, 3 (23.1%) were genotype D and genotype E each. Clinically significant mutations were identified in the surface region, but no classic drug resistance mutations were identified. (4) Conclusions: We report an HBV prevalence of 4.0% (95% CI 3.3 – 4.9) among people without HIV in rural and pe-ri-urban communities in Botswana with varying rates in different communities. A comprehen-sive national HBV program is required in Botswana to guide HBV prevention, testing and management.

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“…Two additional genotypes I and J were recently proposed [27]. In the CAR, however, evidence of only three of these HBV genotypes (A, D and E) were reported in previous studies [15,21,28,29].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 97%

Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection in the Central African Republic

Basimane-Bisimwa,

Koyaweda,

Ngaïganam

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background The Central African Republic (CAR) is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of viral hepatitis infection in the world. Coinfection with HIV increases the morbidity and mortality beyond that of mono-infection with either hepatitis or HIV. The present study describes the geographic distribution of viral hepatitis infections and molecular characterization of these viruses in the CAR. Methodology Out of 12,599 persons enrolled during the fourth Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey of 2010 in the CAR, 10,621 Dried Blood Spot (DBS) samples were obtained and stored at -20°C. Of these DBS, 4,317 samples were randomly selected to represent all regions of the CAR. Serological tests for hepatitis B, D, and C viruses were performed using the ELISA technique. Molecular characterization was performed to identify strains. Results Of the 4,317 samples included, 53.2% were from men and 46.8% from women. The HBsAg prevalence among participants was 12.9% and that HBc-Ab was 19.7%. The overall prevalence of HCV was 0.6%. Co-infection of HIV/HBV was 1.1% and that of HBV/HDV was 16.6%. A total of 77 HBV, 6 HIV, and 6 HDV strains were successfully sequenced, with 72 HBV (93.5%) strains belonging to genotype E and 5 (6.5%) strains belonging to genotype D. The 6 HDV strains all belonged to clade 1, while 4 recombinants subtype were identified among the 6 strains of HIV. Conclusion Our study found a high prevalence of HBV, HBV/HDV and HBV/HIV co-infection, but a low prevalence of HCV. CAR remains an area of high HBV endemicity. This study’s data and analyses would be useful for establishing an integrated viral hepatitis and HIV surveillance program in the CAR.

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Detection of circulating hepatitis B virus immune escape and polymerase mutants among HBV-positive patients attending Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Central African Republic

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana

Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana

Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence Among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana

Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection in the Central African Republic

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