Detection of Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Ismaiel, Nour El Hoda S.; Sharaf, Walid M.; Helmy, Dina Omar; Zaki, Mona M.; Badawi, Manal; Soliman, Ahmed

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2016.126

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…28 In 60 patients, a positive expression of CD44 was associated with histological type, but not pT, pN, M, pTNM stage or G. No association with perineural or lymphovascular invasion was found. 60 In mRNA and protein assessment, no differences in CD44 levels were seen by age (p = 0.500), grade (p= 0.026), pT (p = 0.613), lymphovascular (p = 0.422) or perineural (p = 0.734) invasion. 61 After preoperative chemoradiotherapy, high levels of CD44 protein in rectal cancer were associated with ypN0 (p = 0.009) but not with age (p = 0.734), ypT (p = 0.666), grade and histological type (p = 0.515), or lymphatic (p = 0.078) or vascular (p = 0.077) invasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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<p>The Association Between Inflammation, Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Stemness in Colorectal Carcinoma</p>

Briede¹,

Štrumfa²,

Vanags³

et al. 2020

JIR

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Background: Inflammation plays an important albeit dual role in carcinogenesis. Survival studies have highlighted the prognostic significance of peritumorous inflammation. Currently, the theoretical background allows inflammation, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the closely associated stem cell differentiation in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) to be linked. However, there is scarce direct morphological evidence. Purpose and methods: The aim of our study was to investigate the role of inflammation in cancer growth and invasion by analyzing the association between inflammation and known morphological prognostic features of colorectal cancer, EMT, stemness and mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression. The study was designed as a retrospective morphological and immunohistochemical assessment of 553 consecutive cases of surgically treated primary CRC. Results: There were statistically significant associations between high-grade inflammation and lower pT (p = 0.002), absence of lymph node metastases (p < 0.001) and less frequent lymphatic (p = 0.003), venous (p = 0.017), arterial (p = 0.012), perineural (p = 0.001) and intraneural (p = 0.01) invasion. In contrast, Crohn's like reaction (CLR) by density of lymphoid follicles in the invasive front lacked significant differences in regard to pT, pN, tumor invasion into surrounding structures (blood or lymphatic vessels, nerves), grade or necrosis (all p > 0.05). The expression of E-cadherin, CD44 and MMR proteins yielded no statistically significant associations with peritumorous inflammation by Klintrup-Mäkinen score or the density of lymphoid follicles. Nevertheless, E-cadherin levels were significantly associated with the density of eosinophils (p = 0.007). Conclusion: High-grade peritumorous inflammation is associated with beneficial morphologic CRC features, including less frequent manifestations of invasion, and is not secondary to tissue damage and necrosis. CLR is not associated with cancer spread by pTN; this finding indirectly suggests an independent role of CLR in carcinogenesis. Further, inflammation by Klintrup-Mäkinen grade and CLR is not dependent on epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell differentiation. Our study highlights the complex associations between inflammation, tumor morphology, EMT, stemness and MMR protein expression in human CRC tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…A statistically significantly higher expression was found in right-sided carcinomas (p = 0.002), paralleling and expanding the observations of more frequent (p = 0.02) expression in colonic adenocarcinomas than in rectal tumours. 60 CD44 levels also showed a significant association with the expression of PMS2 protein (p = 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

<p>The Association Between Inflammation, Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Stemness in Colorectal Carcinoma</p>

Briede¹,

Štrumfa²,

Vanags³

et al. 2020

JIR

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“…In terms of pathology, the most common histological grade of the tumor in this study was Grade 1 adenocarcinoma (50.3%), while in Egypt, Grade 2 adenocarcinoma is the most common grade. [16] It should be noted that low-grade cancer is associated with better surgical outcomes and higher quality of life compared with higher grade cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and clinicopathological patterns of colorectal cancer at the National Cancer Institute, Sudan

Khougali

Albashir

Daffaalla

et al. 2019

Saudi J Med Med Sci

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Background:Colorectal cancer is a common type of cancer worldwide, including in Sudan. However, few studies have assessed its demographic, clinical and pathological patterns in the Sudanese population.Objective:To assess the demographic, clinical and pathological patterns in patients with colorectal cancer at National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, Sudan.Methods:This retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed the data of all colorectal cancer patients who presented to National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, between January 2016 and December 2017. National Cancer Institute, University of Gezira, is one of the two National Cancer Institutes in Sudan and receives patients from across Sudan. The demographic, clinical and pathological information were extracted from the patients’ files.Results:A total of 163 colorectal cancer patients who presented to National Cancer Institute during the study period and met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Most patients were aged >40–69 years (58.8%), were male (53.4%) and from Central Sudan (65.6%). About 44% of the patients were diagnosed 6–12 months from the disease onset and 26.8% after >12 months. Change in bowel habits (51.5%), rectal bleeding (42.3%) and abdominal pain (32.5%) were the most common clinical presentations. About 58% of the patients did not undergo per rectal examination during their initial presentation. Rectum was the most common site of tumor (58.9%), and the majority of patients had Grade I adenocarcinoma (50.3%). Duke's Class B (38%) and Class C (31%) were the most common stages of the patients’ tumor, and signet ring carcinoma was found in 4.9% of the patients.Conclusion:This study found that in Sudan, colorectal cancer patients most commonly present late after the onset of symptoms, with an advanced stage and aggressive pattern as well as the proportion of younger patients is high. Further, per rectal examination is often not performed during the initial presentation.

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“…Lymph node metastasis [ 24 ] and distant metastasis, particularly liver [ 25 , 26 ] are independent risk factors with pre-CEA levels for CRC. The cell recognition, adhesion and immunosuppressive properties of CEA, which are Ca2+ dependent cell adhesion molecules aids aggregation, adhesion, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-operative to post-operative serum carcinoembryonic antigen ratio is a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer

et al. 2017

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We explored the prognostic significance of the pre-operative-to-post-operative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (pre-post-CEA) ratio in colorectal cancer (CRC). We detected pre- and post-operative CEA levels in 2035 CRC patients surgically treated at First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between June 2001 and June 2011. Univariate analysis revealed the pre-post-CEA ratio is associated with distant metastasis and degree of tumor differentiation (both P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the pre-post-CEA ratio is associated with lymphatic and distant metastasis, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and degree of tumor differentiation (all P < 0.01). The pre-CEA levels, pre-post-CEA ratios, distant metastasis, TNM stage and degree of tumor differentiation were all associated with 5-yr overall survival (all P < 0.05) based on multivariate analysis. Consequently, pre-CEA levels, pre-post-CEA ratios, distant metastasis and TNM stage are independent risk factors for CRC. We have thus demonstrated that the pre-post-CEA ratio is a prognostic indicator for CRC patients.

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Detection of Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

<p>The Association Between Inflammation, Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Stemness in Colorectal Carcinoma</p>

<p>The Association Between Inflammation, Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Stemness in Colorectal Carcinoma</p>

Demographic and clinicopathological patterns of colorectal cancer at the National Cancer Institute, Sudan

Pre-operative to post-operative serum carcinoembryonic antigen ratio is a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer

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