Detection of Bromine by ICP-oa-ToF-MS Following Photochemical Vapor Generation

Abstract

/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21275830&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21275830&lang=fr READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team atPublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1021/ac504747aAnalytical Chemistry, 87, 5, pp. 3072-3079, 2015-02-04 Detection of Bromine by ICP-oa-ToF-MS Following Photochemical Vapor Generation Ralph E. Sturgeon* National Research Council of Canada, Measurement Science and Standards, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada ABSTRACT: A unique flow-through photochemical reactor is utilized for the generation of volatile methyl bromide from aqueous solutions of bromide and bromate ions in a medium of 2% acetic acid containing 3000 μg/mL NH 4 Cl. The volatile product is transported to a thin-film gas−liquid phase separator and directed to an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) tine-offlight mass spectrometer for detection and quantitation using either of the 79 Br or 81 Br isotopes. Utilizing a sample flow rate of 3.3 mL/min and a 13 s irradiation time, a detection limit of 0.14 ng/mL is achieved, yielding a 17-fold enhancement over conventional solution nebulization. The estimated generation efficiency of 95% provides for a significant increase in analyte transport efficiency to the ICP. Precision of replicate measurement is 2.5% (RSD) at 20 ng/mL. The methodology was validated by successful determination of bromine in reference materials, including IRMM (BCR-611) low level bromide in groundwater, NIST SRM 1568b Rice Flour, and SRM 1632 bituminous coal.O nly recently has bromine been identified as an essential trace element, important for the development of collagen in mammals. 1 Current major interest in this element arises from its widespread usage in industrial materials, including fire retardants, agricultural pesticides and pharmaceuticals. Treatment of groundwater by ozonolysis 2 to ensure potability raises concerns over production of bromate disinfection byproducts which...

System optimization for determination of cobalt in biological samples by ICP-OES using photochemical vapor generation

“…[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Furthermore, the impact of several additional parameters is generally not considered, including that of the temperature of the photoreactor on the intensity of the UV lamp (affected by the sample ow rate and inuencing photon ux) as well as independent supplies of Ar gas to the GLS (required for optimum phase separation and analyte transport efficiencies without causing excessive aerosol formation) and to the nebulizer such that the optimal observation height above the load coil can be achieved. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Furthermore, the impact of several additional parameters is generally not considered, including that of the temperature of the photoreactor on the intensity of the UV lamp (affected by the sample ow rate and inuencing photon ux) as well as independent supplies of Ar gas to the GLS (required for optimum phase separation and analyte transport efficiencies without causing excessive aerosol formation) and to the nebulizer such that the optimal observation height above the load coil can be achieved.…”

“…Use of this lamp for PVG relies on an averaging of the intensity over the length and diameter of the discharge. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] These effects are less pronounced with the other two lamps ( Fig. 5 min for UV radiation and 10 min for temperature), water was introduced into each PVG reactor using a peristaltic pump and its impact on temperature and lamp intensity monitored for different ow rates.…”

“…16 Interest in PVG has increased in the last decade due to its simplicity, versatility, cost effectiveness, greener footprint and the promise of less severe interferences. Several elements have been shown to be amenable to PVG, including the classical hydride forming elements as well as a number of transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni) and non-metals (iodine and bromine), [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] substantially enhancing the scope of vapor generation techniques. 18,19 In comparison to conventional CVG using BH 4 À , PVG simplies chemical manifolds (allowing premixing of the reactants), eliminates the necessity for freshly prepared chemical reductants and generates signicantly less H 2 , producing more stable signals from plasma-based sources.…”

“…The use of nano-TiO 2 as a photo-catalyst to improve the PVG efficiencies of some elements, notably Se(VI), opens the eld for expanded investigations into improving the kinetics of the PVG process. 32,33 More signicantly, the majority of the proposed methods could not be readily applied to real samples containing complex matrices, such as digested biological and geological samples, frequently due to the presence of severe interference from oxidants such as the nitrate anion and species that inuence radical reactions. Qin et al 26 compared different designs of a 19 W ow-through low-pressure mercury discharge lamp for generation of Hg 0 , concluding that the best efficiency was achieved when the sample owed through synthetic quartz tubing to permit absorption of intense 185 nm radiation from the discharge.…”

Multivariate optimization of photochemical vapor generation for direct determination of arsenic in seawater by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

“…As for the PVG of organoarsenic compounds, related information is not available. Generally, exposure of a thin film of sample to the UV field more efficiently delivers radiation and minimizes the required exposure time for PVG, leading to enhanced analytical performance for many elements [25]. Additionally, the elevated temperature experienced by the sample solution passing through the PVG reactor may facilitate the reduction, as in the case of Se(VI) [26]; however, severe matrix effects remain, as reported for the determination of Se in seawater by PVG [27], necessitating a several-fold dilution of the sample prior to analysis.…”