Detection of Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus Antibody by Neutralizing Test and ELISA in Experimentally Infected Rabbits

Abstract

The antibody response of rabbit to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus was examined. Two rabbits were inoculated with IBR virus strain Los Angeles into the trachea and intravenously, and intravenously two times, respectively. The patterns of antibody titers in the rabbits measured by neutralization test and ELISA were similar to those in the case of bovine. The antibody was detected after the inoculation, and much more antibody was detected after the second inoculation. The fact suggests that rabbits are a very useful laboratory animal for IBR virus infection studies.

Systemic infection induced by intranasal inoculation of Bovine herpesvirus 1.1 in pregnant and non-pregnant rabbits

“…The humoral response results agreed with those of Honda et al (1991) and the natural response during infection in cattle. In the present work, the highest peak of antibodies was detected between 30-35 dpi, and antibodies were not detected from 80-90 dpi to the end of the experiment.…”

“…In addition, antibodies were also detected in suckling rabbits, thus confirming maternal infection and the transmission of passive immunity by the colostrum. Honda et al (1991) measured the antibody production by ELISA and neutralisation test in intravenously or intratracheally virus-inoculated rabbits, and detected a peak between 3-4 weeks pi and undetectable levels at nine weeks pi. These animals showed no clinical signs during the experimental period.…”

“…The presence of viral lesions in foetal livers suggests that haematogenous dissemination may occur via the umbilical vein (Muylkens et al, 2007). The rabbit model has been used to study the effects of different species of BoHV, such as BoHV-5 (Rock et al, 1987;Meyer et al, 1996;Lee et al, 1999;Silva et al, 1999;Spilki et al, 2002), BoHV-4 (Osorio et al, 1982;Naeem et al, 1990Naeem et al, , 1991 and BoHV-1.1 (Smith, 1978;Honda et al, 1991). So far, the rabbit model has been the best to study upper respiratory disease, conjunctivitis and meningoencephalitis induced by BoHV-1.1 (Lupton et al, 1980;Chowdhury et al, 1997) inoculated by different routes.…”

“…Rock and Reed (1982) infected adult rabbits with BoHV-1, using intra-conjunctival inoculation, and activated the infection after treatment with corticosteroids. In addition, Honda et al (1991) inoculated rabbits by the intra-tracheal and intravenous routes and analysed the antibody response, but failed to reproduce respiratory clinical signs. Although different routes of inoculation were reported to experimentally reproduce many aspects of the natural infection in these studies, none used intranasal (i.n.)…”