Detection of Borna Disease Virus Antigen and RNA in Human Autopsy Brain Samples from Neuropsychiatric Patients

Jc, de la Torre; Gonzalez–Dunia, Daniel; Cubitt, Beatrice; Mallory, Margaret; Mueller-Lantzsch, N.; Fa, Grässer; La, Hansen; Masliah, Eliezer

doi:10.1006/viro.1996.0479

Cited by 127 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The result is comparable to studies from other research groups that also report a higher BDV RNA detection rate in schizophrenic patients than in controls. [9][10][11] Our data strengthen our previous seroepidemiological study showing a significantly higher presence of BDV serum antibodies in schizophrenic patients than in controls. Hence, taken together, our data indicate that BDV infection may contribute partly to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia in Chinese patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…[8][9][10] Furthermore, BDV antigens and RNA were detected in human autopsy brain tissues from neuropsychiatric patients. [11][12][13] More recently, Bode et al reported isolation of BDV from the peripheral blood cells from psychiatric patients. 14 A link between BDV infection and neuropsychiatric disorders was further supported by the detection of BDV antigen in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with recurrent depression and multiple sclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Borna disease virus RNA from peripheral blood cells in schizophrenic patients and mental health workers

Yl²,

et al. 1999

Mol Psychiatry

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Accumulating evidence suggests that Borna disease virus (BDV), a neurotropic, negativestranded RNA virus, might be associated with certain human mental disorders. Several research groups reported that psychiatric patients had a significantly higher prevalence of BDV serum antibodies than normal controls. In addition, a significantly higher presence of BDV RNA from peripheral blood cells was identified in mental patients than in controls. In our previous study, we first identified the presence of BDV serum antibodies in a cohort of Chinese schizophrenic patients from Taiwan, and we also demonstrated a significantly higher seroprevalence of BDV antibodies among schizophrenic patients than in non-psychiatric controls. Prompted by the positive seroepidemiological result, we set out to investigate the detection of BDV RNA from the peripheral blood cells of our schizophrenic patients. By using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, 10 out of 74 Chinese schizophrenic patients from Taiwan were found to have BDV RNA in their blood cells, whereas only one out of 69 controls was positive. The BDV RNA detection rate among schizophrenic patients was significantly higher than that in controls (14% vs 1.4%, P Ͻ 0.01). Furthermore, we studied the BDV RNA detection rate among mental health workers, and seven out of 45 mental health workers were found to have positive results. The prevalence rate was significantly higher than that in normal controls (15% vs 1.4%, P Ͻ 0.001), which lends further support to our previous finding that mental health workers have a significantly higher presence of BDV serum antibodies. In summary, our data support the finding that BDV infection might be a contributory factor to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia in the Chinese population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Borna disease virus RNA from peripheral blood cells in schizophrenic patients and mental health workers

Yl²,

et al. 1999

Mol Psychiatry

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“…Several groups of researchers have demonstrated that patients with neuropsychiatric disorders have a higher rate of serum antibodies against BDV-specific nucleoprotein (40 kD, p40) and/or phosphoprotein (24 kD, p24), [11][12][13][14][15] suggesting that human neuropsychiatric disorders may be associated with BDV infection. 16 Further studies also revealed that psychiatric patients have a higher detection rate of BDV transcripts from peripheral blood 17,18 or postmortem brain tissue than controls, 19,20 adding further support to the important role of BDV infection in the pathogenesis of human psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, several research groups presented contradictory data showing no association between BDV and psychiatric disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

High seroprevalence of Borna virus infection in schizophrenic patients, family members and mental health workers in Taiwan

Chen

Yl²,

Fc³

et al. 1999

Mol Psychiatry

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Borna disease virus (BDV), a negative-strand RNA virus, has been reported to be associated with severe psychiatric disorders. The association is mainly based on the findings that patients with schizophrenia and depression have a higher seroprevalence rate of BDV-specific antibodies than controls. In addition, psychiatric patients were also found to have a higher detection rate of BDV transcripts in their blood than controls. By using an improved Western blot analysis, we first demonstrated that Chinese schizophrenic patients from Taiwan also have a higher seroprevalence of BDV-specific antibodies than controls (12.1% vs 2.9%, P Ͻ 0.001), providing support to the positive association between BDV and psychiatric disorders in our population. Because of the contagious nature of viral infection, we further examined patients' family members and mental health workers, who have close contact with patients. We found that both groups also have a higher seroprevalence of BDV-specific antibodies, 12.1% and 9.8%, respectively, than controls. This finding provides some evidence for a possible human-to-human transmission of Borna disease virus. Our finding needs further independent verification from other research groups and the clinical relevance of this preliminary observation deserves further study.

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“…Many of the early PCR findings have later been shown or suspected to be caused by contamination (reviewed by Sauder et al, 2002;Planz et al, 2003;Dürrwald et al, 2007), and there have been specificity concerns with some of the serological methods (reviewed by Sauder et al, 2002;Weissenböck et al, 2002;Wolff et al, 2006). Nevertheless, carefully verified human BDV infections have also occurred rarely (de La Torre et al, 1996), but because transmission between man and vertebrate animals has not been demonstrated, BDV is a possible, not verified, zoonosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and host spectrum of Borna disease virus infections

Kinnunen

Palva

Vaheri

et al. 2013

Journal of General Virology

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Borna disease virus (BDV) has gained lot of interest because of its zoonotic potential, ability to introduce cDNA of its RNA transcripts into host genomes, and ability to cause severe neurobehavioural diseases. Classical Borna disease is a progressive meningoencephalomyelitis in horses and sheep, known in central Europe for centuries. According to current knowledge, BDV or a close relative also infects several other species, including humans at least occasionally, in central Europe and elsewhere, but the existence of potential ‘human Borna disease’ with its suspected neuropsychiatric symptoms is highly controversial. The recent detection of endogenized BDV-like genes in primate and various other vertebrate genomes confirms that at least ancient bornaviruses did infect our ancestors. The epidemiology of BDV is largely unknown, but accumulating evidence indicates vectors and reservoirs among small wild mammals. The aim of this review is to bring together the current knowledge on epidemiology of BDV infections. Specifically, geographical and host distribution are addressed and assessed in the critical light of the detection methods used. We also review some salient clinical aspects.

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Detection of Borna Disease Virus Antigen and RNA in Human Autopsy Brain Samples from Neuropsychiatric Patients

Cited by 127 publications

References 6 publications

Detection of Borna disease virus RNA from peripheral blood cells in schizophrenic patients and mental health workers

Detection of Borna disease virus RNA from peripheral blood cells in schizophrenic patients and mental health workers

High seroprevalence of Borna virus infection in schizophrenic patients, family members and mental health workers in Taiwan

Epidemiology and host spectrum of Borna disease virus infections

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