Detection of Auditory Signal in Restricted Sets of Reproducible Noise

Pfafflin, Sheila M.

doi:10.1121/1.1910856

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Both included Repeat visual sequences, and were made to recur intermittently and randomly. We describe these sequences as ''frozen,'' after that term's use in auditory psychophysics to refer to reproducible noise stimuli (Guttman & Julesz, 1963;Pfafflin, 1968;Pfafflin & Matthews, 1966).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences

Keller

Sekuler

2015

Journal of Vision

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We examined short-term memory for sequences of visual stimuli embedded in varying multisensory contexts. In two experiments, subjects judged the structure of the visual sequences while disregarding concurrent, but task-irrelevant auditory sequences. Stimuli were eight-item sequences in which varying luminances and frequencies were presented concurrently and rapidly (at 8 Hz). Subjects judged whether the final four items in a visual sequence identically replicated the first four items. Luminances and frequencies in each sequence were either perceptually correlated (Congruent) or were unrelated to one another (Incongruent). Experiment 1 showed that, despite encouragement to ignore the auditory stream, subjects' categorization of visual sequences was strongly influenced by the accompanying auditory sequences. Moreover, this influence tracked the similarity between a stimulus's separate audio and visual sequences, demonstrating that task-irrelevant auditory sequences underwent a considerable degree of processing. Using a variant of Hebb's repetition design, Experiment 2 compared musically trained subjects and subjects who had little or no musical training on the same task as used in Experiment 1. Test sequences included some that intermittently and randomly recurred, which produced better performance than sequences that were generated anew for each trial. The auditory component of a recurring audiovisual sequence influenced musically trained subjects more than it did other subjects. This result demonstrates that stimulus-selective, task-irrelevant learning of sequences can occur even when such learning is an incidental by-product of the task being performed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences

Keller

Sekuler

2015

Journal of Vision

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“…Buus (1990) measured sound-level discrimination for noise bursts and found that difference limens were smaller when the same noise token was used on all trials. Finally, and although noise was not a target, it was found that presenting the same noise token as a masker for all trials in a pure-tone detection task led to lower signal thresholds, compared to when noise was generated afresh for each trial (Pfafflin, 1968). This was interpreted as a form of memory for the noise token used as a masker.…”

Section: Learning Of Noise Tokensmentioning

confidence: 95%

The detection of repetitions in noise before and after perceptual learning

Agus

Pressnitzer

2013

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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In noise repetition-detection tasks, listeners have to distinguish trials of continuously running noise from trials in which noise tokens are repeated in a cyclic manner. Recently, it has been shown that using the exact same noise token across several trials ("reference noise") facilitates the detection of repetitions for this token [Agus et al. (2010). Neuron 66, 610-618]. This was attributed to perceptual learning. Here, the nature of the learning was investigated. In experiment 1, reference noise tokens were embedded in trials with or without cyclic presentation. Naïve listeners reported repetitions in both cases, thus responding to the reference noise even in the absence of an actual repetition. Experiment 2, with the same listeners, showed a similar pattern of results even after the design of the experiment was made explicit, ruling out a misunderstanding of the task. Finally, in experiment 3, listeners reported repetitions in trials containing the reference noise, even before ever hearing it presented cyclically. The results show that listeners were able to learn and recognize noise tokens in the absence of an immediate repetition. Moreover, the learning mandatorily interfered with listeners' ability to detect repetitions. It is concluded that salient perceptual changes accompany the learning of noise.

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“…Green, 1964;Pfafflin and Mathews, 1966;Pfafflin, 1968;Bell and Nixon, 1971;Ahumada and Lovell, 1971), but noise intensity, duration, and bandwidth were not varied parametrically in any of these experiments. The present research is an extension of a preliminary study by Raab and Leshowitz (1968).…”

Section: If--as It Appears--discrepancy Between Real and Ideal Listenersmentioning

confidence: 96%

Audotory intensity discrimination with bursts of reproducible noise

Raab

Goldberg

1975

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Auditory-intensity discrimination was investigated using gated bursts of reproducible noise. Weber fractions were determined at a number of energy levels with stimuli that differed in intensity, duration, and bandwidth. Weber's law was approximated in all cases. In addition, discriminability was found to be somewhat dependent on burst duration and relatively independent of noise bandwidth; threshold signal-to-noise ratios improved when duration was increased from 10 to 100 msec, but not when bandwidth was increased from 500 to 5000 Hz. The data were compared with the results of a second experiment in which the stimuli were random•rather than pseudorandom• noises. Finally, the results of both experiments were compared with predictions about intensity discrimination derived from two theoretical models: (1) a Poisson-counting mechanism and (2) an energy detector incorporating additive internal noise. Subject Classification: 65.35, 65.58, 65.75.

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Detection of Auditory Signal in Restricted Sets of Reproducible Noise

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences

Memory and learning with rapid audiovisual sequences

The detection of repetitions in noise before and after perceptual learning

Audotory intensity discrimination with bursts of reproducible noise

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