Detection of Antibodies to the Biofilm Exopolysaccharide of Histophilus somni following Infection in Cattle by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Pan, Yu; Fisher, Taylor; Olk, Christina; Inzana, Thomas J.

doi:10.1128/cvi.00384-14

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A high maximum pre-weaning respiratory score was also the only risk factor for H. somni S/P increase during the peri-weaning period. The H. somni ELISA employed in this study detects antibody against EPS, a major component of the H. somni biofilm matrix, which is produced in much greater quantities by pathogenic strains during the disease process compared to commensal strains, helping to differentiate between diseased calves and those with antibodies derived from harbouring commensal organisms [ 23 ]. Increases in H. somni S/P over the peri-weaning period reflect exposure to pathogenic strains of H. somni in the preceding weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increases in H. somni S/P over the peri-weaning period reflect exposure to pathogenic strains of H. somni in the preceding weeks. Pan et al [ 23 ] in a study of calves experimentally exposed to H. somni , reported antibody peaks to H. somni EPS between 3 and 8 weeks post-exposure. The temporal association between respiratory signs (as reflected by a high maximum respiratory score ≥ 8) during the 42 days prior to weaning and the increases in H. somni S/P in the peri-weaning period (a range of 4 to 10 weeks after respiratory signs were recorded) concur with the observations of Pan et al [ 23 ] and support their conclusions that assays measuring the antibody response to EPS can identify cattle with disease due to H. somni infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum samples were analysed for the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig) G against BRSV, BPI3V, BCoV (SVANOVA Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden) BHV-4 (Bio – X Diagnostics S.A., Rochefort, Belgium), BVDV (IDEXX Laboratories Inc., Maine, USA) and BHV-1 glycoprotein E (IDEXX Laboratories Inc., Maine, USA) by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) each of which were performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. H. somni serology was performed by an in-house ELISA to detect IgM/IgG against H. somni exopolysaccharide (EPS) as described by Pan et al [ 23 ]. Details on the calculations used in the ELISA analyses, cut-off values employed and the correlation between ELISA results and changes in antibody status are presented in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors associated with exposure to bovine respiratory disease pathogens during the peri-weaning period in dairy bull calves

Murray¹,

More²,

Clegg³

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundBovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains among the leading causes of death of cattle internationally. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with exposure to BRD pathogens during the peri-weaning period (day (d)-14 to d 14 relative to weaning at 0) in dairy bull calves using serological responses to these pathogens as surrogate markers of exposure.Clinically normal Holstein-Friesian and Jersey breed bull calves (n = 72) were group housed in 4 pens using a factorial design with calves of different breeds and planes of nutrition in each pen. Intrinsic, management and clinical data were collected during the pre-weaning (d − 56 to d − 14) period. Calves were gradually weaned over 14 days (d − 14 to d 0). Serological analysis for antibodies against key BRD pathogens (BRSV, BPI3V, BHV-1, BHV-4, BCoV, BVDV and H. somni) was undertaken at d − 14 and d 14. Linear regression models (for BVDV, BPI3V, BHV-1, BHV-4, BCoV and H. somni) and a single mixed effect random variable model (for BRSV) were used to identify risk factors for changes in antibody levels to these pathogens.ResultsBRSV was the only pathogen which demonstrated clustering by pen. Jersey calves experienced significantly lower changes in BVDV S/P than Holstein-Friesian calves. Animals with a high maximum respiratory score (≥8) recorded significant increases in H. somni S/P during the peri-weaning period when compared to those with respiratory scores of ≤3.Haptoglobin levels of between 1.32 and 1.60 mg/ml at d − 14 were significantly associated with decreases in BHV-1 S/N during the peri-weaning period. Higher BVDV S/P ratios at d − 14 were significantly correlated with increased changes in serological responses to BHV-4 over the peri-weaning period.ConclusionsHaptoglobin may have potential as a predictor of exposure to BHV-1. BRSV would appear to play a more significant role at the ‘group’ rather than ‘individual animal’ level. The significant associations between the pre-weaning levels of antibodies to certain BRD pathogens and changes in the levels of antibodies to the various pathogens during the peri-weaning period may reflect a cohort of possibly genetically linked ‘better responders’ among the study population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors associated with exposure to bovine respiratory disease pathogens during the peri-weaning period in dairy bull calves

Murray¹,

More²,

Clegg³

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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“…Their value is small due to H. somni inhabiting mucosal sites in asymptomatic cattle, because of the possibility of subclinical infections, cross-reactive antibodies with other bacteria, or the confounding effects of vaccination (Kania et al 1990;Corbeil 2007;Pan et al 2014). The recent development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using antibodies to H. somni exopolysaccharide (EPS) (described in a later chapter), a major component of the H. somni biofilm matrix, holds promise of having an application in diagnostic settings (Pan et al 2014). Exopolysaccharide is generated only when H. somni forms biofilm or is under stress conditions, so serological responses are less likely in healthy and recently vaccinated cattle.…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosis and Antimicrobial Resistance Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histophilosis as a Natural Disease

O’Toole

Sondgeroth

2015

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Histophilus somni is responsible for sporadic disease worldwide in cattle and, to a lesser extent, in small ruminants, bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), and North American bison (Bison bison). The importance of H. somni diseases can be attributed to improved clinical and laboratory recognition, combined with the growth in intensive management practices for cattle. Although outbreaks of bovine histophilosis can occur year-round, in northern and southern hemispheres, it is most frequent in late fall and early winter. Weather, stress, dietary changes, and comingling of cattle are likely to be major triggers for outbreaks. The most frequent clinical expressions of histophilosis include undifferentiated fever, fibrinosuppurative pneumonia, encephalitis-leptomeningitis, necrotizing myocarditis, and diffuse pleuritis. Neurological disease occurs either as thrombotic meningoencephalitis (TME) or as suppurative meningitis with ventriculitis. Acute myocarditis is characteristically necrotizing and generally involves one or both papillary muscles in the left ventricular myocardium. Biofilm-like aggregates of bacteria occur in capillaries and veins in myocardium, in the central nervous system, and on endocardial surfaces. H. somni is a component of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex. In our experience, it is most commonly diagnosed in subacute-to-chronic polymicrobial pulmonary infections in combination with Mannheimia haemolytica, Trueperella pyogenes, Pasteurella multocida, or Mycoplasma bovis. Other, less common forms of H. somni disease present as polyarthritis/tenosynovitis, abortion with placentitis and fetal septicemia, epididymitis-orchitis, and ocular infections. It is likely that H. somni is under-recognized clinically and diagnostically. Most state and provincial laboratories in North America rely on bacterial isolation to confirm infection. The use of more sensitive detection methods on field cases of histophilosis will help resolve the pathogenesis of H. somni in natural outbreaks, and whether the disease is as common elsewhere as it is in Canada.

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“…An additional challenge in controlling H. somni-induced BRD is the identification of clinically infected animals; however, recent developments in this area are particularly noteworthy. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is a major component of the H. somni biofilm matrix and is most abundantly produced when a biofilm is formed but is also produced under growth-restricting stress conditions which are likely to occur during the disease process or during colonisation of mucosal epithelia (Sandal et al, 2011;Pan et al, 2014). As EPS antigen is expressed predominantly during active disease, Pan et al (2014) have recently used purified EPS in a direct ELISA to differentiate animals (both naturally and experimentally infected) with H. somni disease from healthy commensally infected animals; sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 92.5% were reported 3 weeks post infection.…”

Section: Histophilus Somnimentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving views on bovine respiratory disease: An appraisal of selected key pathogens – Part 1

Murray

O’Neill²,

et al. 2016

The Veterinary Journal

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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed causes of morbidity and mortality in cattle and interactions of factors associated with the animal, the pathogen and the environment are central to its pathogenesis. Emerging knowledge of a role for pathogens traditionally assumed to be minor players in the pathogenesis of BRD reflects an increasingly complex situation that will necessitate regular reappraisal of BRD pathogenesis and control. This review appraises the role of selected key pathogens implicated in BRD pathogenesis to assess how our understanding of their role has evolved in recent years.

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Detection of Antibodies to the Biofilm Exopolysaccharide of Histophilus somni following Infection in Cattle by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Risk factors associated with exposure to bovine respiratory disease pathogens during the peri-weaning period in dairy bull calves

Risk factors associated with exposure to bovine respiratory disease pathogens during the peri-weaning period in dairy bull calves

Histophilosis as a Natural Disease

Evolving views on bovine respiratory disease: An appraisal of selected key pathogens – Part 1

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