Detection of Anti-tumour Cell Mediated Immunity and Serum Blocking Factors in Cancer Patients by the Leucocyte Adherence Inhibition Test

Abstract

Summary.-The leucocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test, previously described for the detection of cell mediated immunity and serum blocking factors associated with murine tumours, has now been adapted for use with human cancer patients. Blood leucocytes from these patients, mixed in vitro with antigenic extracts of tumours of the same type, had their normal adherence to glass surfaces diminished. This inhibition was reversed (blocked) by the addition of the patients' own sera. Both LAI and blocking were tumour-type specific, but showed complete cross-reactivity within each type of tumour (melanoma, colon carcinoma, mammary carcinoma).The LAI test could be of great value in diagnosis and evaluation of treatment, since it seems to reproduce consistently the findings made by more elaborate techniques but has the advantage of being simple, rapid and inexpensive.

Cell-Mediated Immunity and Serum Blocking Factors in Patients with Chronic Dermatophytic Infections

“…The LAI Test [7,9] Equal volumes (0.1ml) of leucocyte suspension (2X106 cells), antigen solution and serum (when required) were mixed in small plastic tubes and incubated at 37 °C for 1 h with periodic shaking. Where serum was not included, medium was added to make the final volume 0.3 ml.…”

“…Firstly, an investiga tion of apparent non-reactivity ('tolerance') in contact hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in guinea pigs revealed that non-reactive animals indeed possessed CMI to the hapten, as judged by macrophage migration inhibition (MMI) tests; these animals differed from hypersensi tive ones in the possession of a serum factor which blocked CMI in vitro [10]. Secondly, a rapid and simple technique, called leucocyte adherence inhibition (LAI), has recently been devised in our laboratory [9] and ap plied to the study of CMI and serum blocking factor in tumor immunity [7,8,17]. The time seemed opportune for the use of the new technique to study immune reactions in another situation where both reactivity and non-reactivity to antigens were observed: in acute and chronic dermatophytic infections.…”

Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Microtest for the Detection of Cell-Mediated Immunity to Tumor in Gastric Cancer Patients

“…The entire procedure requires only 3 -4 h to complete. Because of the brevity, simplicity, and the fact that tumor cells need not be separated, cultured or labelled, the original method has been improved in some ways and used to demonstrate tumor-specific reactivities of leukocytes from patients with breast [2,13), colorectal [11,17], pancreas [8] or prostatic can cer [18] or malignant melanoma [10,[14][15][16], The LAI microtest [9] is one of the improved methods. The original LAI technique by Holliday et al [1] requires careful floatation of a cover slip from the surface of a haemocytometer, but in the microtest the plate is only held in an inverted position to allow nonadherent cells to float off the bottom of the wells.…”

Modified Humoral Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test for Detection of Lung Cancer

“…Due to this pro perty of cells, the cellular leukocyte adherence inhibi tion (C-LAI) and humoral leukocyte adherence in hibition (H-LA1) tests were developed to study cellmediated or humoral immunoactivity during the ma lignant process [1][2][3]. It seems that the H-LAI tech nique being as effective as the C-LAI possesses further advantages.…”