Detection of Ancient DNA of<i>Encephalitozoon intestinalis</i>(Microsporidia) in Archaeological Material

Myšková, Eva; Ditrich, Oleg; Sak, Bohumil; Kváč, Martin; Cymbalak, Tomasz

doi:10.1645/13-232.1

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Finally in the Czech Republic, it was also possible to recover capillariid eggs from a well and a pit belong to 18 th and 19 th centuries, but here again no species discrimination could be made [38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

et al. 2019

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Introduction Paleoparasitology, the study of parasites in the past, brings the knowledge of where and when they occurred in preterit populations. Some groups of parasites, as capillariids, have a complex and controversial systematic, hindering the paleoparasitological diagnosis. In this article, we synthesized the occurrence of capillariids in both the New and the Old World in ancient times, and discussed the difficulty of the diagnosis of species and the strategies for identification. The present review also shows the current status of the phylogeny in capillariids and indicates the necessity to try new approaches for a better understanding of capillariid paleodistribution. Methods For the systematic review, a predefined guideline defined by PRISMA was used. The articles collected were identified, screened, and included in the review following criteria for eligibility. The current status of the phylogeny of capillariids was accessed using MUSCLE, Bioedit v.7.0.5 and MEGA v. 7.0.21 programs. Results The review discussed 38 articles that presented information about capillariids in past populations. Most of capillariid eggs found in the New and Old World were not identified. However, Calodium hepaticum eggs were the most identified, as some from Eucoleus genus. It was observed that sites from the New World had a better chance for capillariid egg identification, due to previous knowledge of its host, when compared to the Old World. In the 18S rDNA phylogenetic analyses, two datasets were constructed, one including sequences from 7 Moravec’s genera, where 3 genus-specific clusters, with high bootstrap values, could be observed for Capillaria (ML = 99%, NJ = 96%), Eucoleus (ML / NJ = 100%) and Paratrichosoma (ML / NJ = 100%). A fourth cluster of 18S rDNA dataset I revealed lack of definition of Pearsonema and Aonchotheca genera. The 18S rDNA dataset II comprised 8 Moravec’s genera and defined 3 clusters, 2 genus-specific for Eucoleus (ML = 99%, NJ = 100%) and Capillaria (ML / NJ = 98%). The third 18S rDNA dataset II cluster included 6 genera and exhibited, once again, Pearsonema and Aonchotheca poor discrimination. The cox 1 gene data consist of 4 Moravec’s genera, and in spite of grouping some species-specific clusters, did not show genera-specific definition. Conclusions Despite the numerous archaeological findings, both in the New and the Old Worlds, the identification of capillariid species based on the morphology and morphometry of eggs remains imprecise, often resulting in a generic diagnosis of a group or morphotype of capillariid. Capillariid is one of the most diverse group of helminths r...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

et al. 2019

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“…From that point onwards, additional investigations have been conducted on ancient samples from a number of countries. In brief, Myšková et al (2014) were successful in obtaining the Trichuris SSU rRNA gene from eighteenth to nineteenth century specimens unearthed at a Czech Republic excavation site. Søe et al (2015Søe et al ( , 2018 reported sequences of T. trichiura mtDNA isolated in fifth to eighteenth century samples from Bahrain, Lithuania, Denmark, and the Netherlands (Hong et al 2019a).…”

Section: Ancient Dna Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeoparasitology of Korean Mummies

Seo¹,

Hong²,

Reinhard³

et al. 2020

The Handbook of Mummy Studies

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Archaeoparasitology is now a rapidly progressing research field, providing comprehensive context about parasitism of the past and the origins and evolution of each parasite species. As in other continents, historical parasitic infection patterns in East Asia have been successfully reconstructed by archaeoparasitological research. By interdisciplinary collaboration with archaeologists, parasitologists in South Korea also have achieved meaningful academic progress in studies on various specimens uncovered at archaeological sites. Among them, coprolites of Korean mummies of the Joseon Dynasty period (1392-1910 CE) have been the

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“…This is indirect evidence of an anthropic infestation, since the sample was a mixture of various structures, including a waste-dumping pit that may have been used for the disposal of organic matter from humans and animals (Søe et al 2015). Ascaris and Trichuris co-infestations have also been described for the microscopic analysis of remains from Korea, Denmark and the Czech Republic and amplification of the 18S rDNA gene confirmed contamination by T. trichiura (Oh et al 2010; Myšková et al 2014; Søe et al 2015).…”

Section: Palaeogenetics and Human Gastrointestinal Helminthsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Palaeoparasitology and palaeogenetics: review and perspectives for the study of ancient human parasites

Côté

Bailly

2017

Parasitology

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While some species of parasites can be identified to species level from archaeological remains using microscopy (i.e. Enterobius vermicularis, Clonorchis sinensis), others can only be identified to family or genus level as different species produce eggs with similar morphology (i.e. Tænia sp. and Echinococcus sp.). Molecular and immunological approaches offer the possibility to provide more precise determination at the species level. They can also identify taxa when classic parasite markers such as eggs or cysts have been destroyed over time. However, biomolecules can be poorly preserved and modern reference DNA is available only for a limited number of species of parasites, leading to the conclusion that classic microscopic observation should be combined with molecular analyses. Here we present a review of the molecular approaches used over the past two decades to identify human pathogenic helminths (Ascaris sp., Trichuris sp., E. vermicularis, Fasciola sp. etc.) or protists (Giardia sp., Trypanosoma sp., Leishmania sp. etc.). We also discuss the prospects for studying the evolution of parasites with genetics and genomics.

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Detection of Ancient DNA ofEncephalitozoon intestinalis(Microsporidia) in Archaeological Material

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

Archaeoparasitology of Korean Mummies

Palaeoparasitology and palaeogenetics: review and perspectives for the study of ancient human parasites

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