Detection of alkaline phosphatase activity with a functionalized nanopipette

Zhang, Shujie; Liu, Guochang; Chai, Huihui; Zhao, Yuan‐Di; Yu, Ling; Chen, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2019.01.008

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…286 In the absence of polymerization, silanization forms thin coatings with low surface density, which may be used to increase hydrophobicity 185,190 or to reduce non-specific surface adhesion. 283 In the context of nanopores, silanization allows for the functionalization of pore walls by enabling the attachment of DNA, 173,175,178,183 dendrimers, 174 nucleoporins, 176 aldehydes, 172,177 spiropyran moieties, 181 cysteines, 187 carboxylic acid, 172 EDTA, 188 peptides, 189,191 and polymer brushes 182 to chemical groups that are attached to the silane molecule. Apart from the possibility of such attachments, silanization can generate a coating with antifouling properties 184 and can be used to manipulate ICR 185 and other charge-based properties, 179 including the modulation of surface charge by changing the pH value of the recording electrolyte 129,180,186 Fig .…”

Section: Nanopore Coatings By Silanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface coatings for solid-state nanopores

2019

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Section: Nanopore Coatings By Silanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface coatings for solid-state nanopores

2019

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“…And third, materials best suited for nanoscale fabrication often present surface charges that can give rise to flicker noise, electroosmotic flow (EOF) and ion current rectification in the presence of electric fields. [24,25] Strategies now exist to overcome some of these limitations, including atomic layer deposition (ALD), [26] physisorption of surfactants, [27,28] polymer coatings, [29] silanization, [30,31] fluid lipid bilayer coatings [32][33][34][35] and various other surface modifications. [36][37][38] Emilsson et al demonstrated that surface coating in the form of poly(ethylene glycol) brushes, can be used for gating solid-state nanopores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Coatings to Minimize Protein Adsorption in Solid‐State Nanopores

et al. 2020

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can be classified as biological, [8] solidstate, [9] or a combination of the two. [10] Biological nanopores include channel proteins such as the product of Curli specific gene G (CsgG) from Escherichia coli, [11] α-hemolysin (αHL) from Staphylococcus aureus, [12] Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A (MspA) [13] and Aeromonas hydrophila Aerolysin (AeL), [14] which spontaneously embed themselves in a lipid bilayer. These types of nanopores can be produced in large numbers by protein expression and purification, have well-characterized crystal structures, and have played a critical role in advancing the resistive pulse sensing technique. [15-17] It is, however, difficult to generate protein pores with diameters that exceed 4 nm. Another limitation is the need to reconstitute these protein pores into lipid or block copolymer membranes, which can be mechanically and chemically fragile. [18] Conversely, solid-state nanopores can be fabricated in various materials such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, or graphene. [9,19] Their diameters and geometries can be tuned depending on user requirements, and they can be used repeatedly for experiments with considerable experimental flexibility (e.g., temperature, buffer conditions, presence of detergents or solvents, extreme pH values, applied potential differences, etc.). [20-22] Despite these attractive characteristics, solid-state nanopores suffer from at least three drawbacks. First, they usually interact nonspecifically with biomolecules, leading to resistive pulse artifacts such as attenuated rotation, translation and Nanopore-based resistive-pulse recordings represent a promising approach for single-molecule biophysics with applications ranging from rapid DNA and RNA sequencing to "fingerprinting" proteins. Based on advances in fabrication methods, solid-state nanopores are increasingly providing an alternative to proteinaceous nanopores from living organisms; their widespread adoption is, however, slowed by nonspecific interactions between biomolecules and pore walls, which can cause artifacts and pore clogging. Although efforts to minimize these interactions by tailoring surface chemistry using various physisorbed or chemisorbed coatings have made progress, a straightforward, robust, and effective coating method is needed to improve the robustness of nanopore recordings. Here, covalently attached nanopore surface coatings are prepared from three different polymers using a straightforward "dip and rinse" approach and compared to each other regarding their ability to minimize nonspecific interactions with proteins. It is demonstrated that polymer coatings approach the performance of fluid lipid coatings with respect to minimizing these interactions. Moreover, these polymer coatings enable accurate estimates of the volumes and spheroidal shapes of freely translocating proteins; uncoated or inadequately coated solid-state pores do not have this capability. In addition, these polymer coatings impart physical and chemical stability and enable effic...

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“…A reactive functional group (amine, carboxylic group, epoxide…) in the silane molecule allows the reaction with specific probes. In the nanopore field, silanization has been used to functionalize the surface of nanopores with various biomolecules [ 79 ] such as DNA (including aptamers) [ 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 ], nucleoporins [ 61 ], cystein amino acid [ 110 ], peptides [ 111 , 112 ], or pH or temperature responsive polymer brushes [ 113 ] and various chemical components [ 71 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 ]. In most surface functionalization, the whole surface of the nanopore membrane is covered inducing a loss in recognition specificity inside the pore for sensing applications.…”

Section: Nanopores and Nanopipettesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing with Nanopores and Aptamers: A Way Forward

Reynaud

Bouchet-Spinelli

Raillon

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In the 90s, the development of a novel single molecule technique based on nanopore sensing emerged. Preliminary improvements were based on the molecular or biological engineering of protein nanopores along with the use of nanotechnologies developed in the context of microelectronics. Since the last decade, the convergence between those two worlds has allowed for biomimetic approaches. In this respect, the combination of nanopores with aptamers, single-stranded oligonucleotides specifically selected towards molecular or cellular targets from an in vitro method, gained a lot of interest with potential applications for the single molecule detection and recognition in various domains like health, environment or security. The recent developments performed by combining nanopores and aptamers are highlighted in this review and some perspectives are drawn.

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Detection of alkaline phosphatase activity with a functionalized nanopipette

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Surface coatings for solid-state nanopores

Surface coatings for solid-state nanopores

Polymer Coatings to Minimize Protein Adsorption in Solid‐State Nanopores

Sensing with Nanopores and Aptamers: A Way Forward

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