Detection of active attacks based on random orthogonal pilots

Hou, Xihuan; Gao, Chunlong; Zhu, Yan; Yang, Shuo

doi:10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752543

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These sequences remove the uncertainty to distinguish pilots from the received signal using the orthogonality property. The orthogonality property of these sequences is already being used in various applications such as MIMO [31]- [33] for channel estimation, to reduce pilot contamination in cellular cells [32], [33], in detection algorithms to provide robustness against eavesdroppers [34], scramble and accommodate multiple users transmission simultaneously.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Estimators for Full-Duplex Communication Using Orthogonal Pilot Sequences

2020

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Full-duplex communication is desirable to maximize the spectral efficiency, despite the challenges it puts forth. The key challenge inhibiting the operation of radios in full-duplex mode is selfinterference. In this paper, we propose a pilot-based channel estimation to estimate both self-interference and communication channels simultaneously at both ends of a full-duplex link using orthogonal sequences. The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for estimators of both the channels was determined and compared with the halfduplex channel estimator. We performed simulations varying sequence length and channel taps and studied the performance of the estimators. We also studied the effect of synchronization between the sequences on the performance of the estimators. Thus, providing a solution to balance the trade-off between the accuracy of the channel estimation and the overhead added to the transmissions for full-duplex communication. INDEX TERMS Channel estimation, orthogonal m-sequences, full-duplex (FDX), half-duplex (HDX), self-interference (SI), Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB).

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Estimators for Full-Duplex Communication Using Orthogonal Pilot Sequences

2020

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“…In view of the severe threat of PCA on multiple-antenna systems, many methods have been proposed for PCA detection and secure transmission (ST) under PCA [3], [5], [8]- [26]. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, most existing countermeasures on PCA can be classified into one of the following four categories or be viewed as their combinations: 1) random modulation (RM) based method [8]- [11], 2) artificial noise or random data (ANRD) aided method [12]- [18], 3) random orthogonal pilot (ROP) based method [3], [19], [20], and 4) statistic feature (SF) based method [5], [21]- [26]. The common idea behind the methods in the former three categories is to introduce extra randomness into the standard RPT phase, which aims at disabling Eve to know in advance the sequence that Bob will send in the RPT phase.…”

Section: A Related Work and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) ROP-based method [3], [19], [20]: In ROP-based method, the pilot transmitted by Bob is randomly selected from a set of mutually orthogonal pilots. Eve not knowing which pilot Bob will send is not able to always transmit the same pilot as that transmitted by Bob.…”

Section: A Related Work and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Pilot Contamination Attack and Its Countermeasure

Huang

Wang

2020

Preprint

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Pilot contamination attack (PCA) in a time division duplex wireless communication system is considered, where an eavesdropper (Eve) attacks the reverse pilot transmission phase in order to wiretap the data transmitted from a transmitter, Alice, to a receiver, Bob. We propose a new PCA scheme for Eve, wherein Eve does not emit any signal by itself but uses an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) to reflect the pilot sent by Bob to Alice. The proposed new PCA scheme, referred to as IRS-PCA, increases the signal leakage from Alice to the IRS during the data transmission phase, which is then reflected by the IRS to Eve in order to improve the wiretapping capability of Eve. The proposed IRS-PCA scheme disables many existing countermeasures on PCA due to the fact that with IRS-PCA, Eve no longer needs to know the pilot sequence of Bob, and therefore, poses severe threat to the security of the legitimate wireless communication system. In view of this, the problems of 1) IRS-PCA detection and 2) secure transmission under IRS-PCA are considered in this paper. For IRS-PCA detection, a generalized cumulative sum (GCUSUM) detection procedure is proposed based on the framework of quickest detection, aiming at detecting the occurrence of IRS-PCA as soon as possible once it occurs. For secure transmission under IRS-PCA, a cooperative channel estimation scheme is proposed to estimate the channel of the IRS, based on which zero-forcing beamforming is designed to reduce signal leakage.

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“…Recalling equations ( 12), (28), and ( 29), both powers of Alice and Bob have a great impact on SEE. In this article, we only focus on maximizing SEE in the scenario where the total power is constrained, which can be formulated as…”

Section: See Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This scheme is hard for the actual system due to its low energy efficiency and high symbol error rate. In the study by Hou et al, 28 some random orthogonal pilot signals were used to operate the detection, and this scheme was robust even without any prior channel knowledge. However, these pilots should be designed carefully, which improves the complexity of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secure performance analysis and detection of pilot attack in massive multiple-input multiple-output system

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2018

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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This article studies the physical layer security of massive multiple-input multiple-output system in time-division-duplex mode. Specifically, a single-cell downlink massive multiple-input multiple-output communication system is considered. The resulting achievable secrecy rate is investigated in the presence of passive or active eavesdroppers. The analytical results reveal that the massive multiple-input multiple-output system is naturally immune to passive eavesdroppers, but will be dramatically degraded by active attack. On account of the risk caused by active attack, a simple and effective detection algorithm is proposed. Uplink pilots with random phases are transmitted during the detection operation. By comparing the phase deviation change of the received pilot signals’ cross product, the active eavesdroppers can be detected exactly. The closed-form expressions for probabilities of detection, false alarm, and false rejection are obtained respectively, which can demonstrate the robust performance of the proposed detection scheme. To maximize the secrecy energy efficiency of the system, the optimal power allocation strategy is studied under total power constraints. This optimization problem is efficiently solved by fractional programming. Numerical simulation results are derived to validate the secrecy performance of the massive multiple-input multiple-output system, the active pilot attacker detection performance, and the energy efficiency optimization effect.

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Detection of active attacks based on random orthogonal pilots

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Channel Estimators for Full-Duplex Communication Using Orthogonal Pilot Sequences

Channel Estimators for Full-Duplex Communication Using Orthogonal Pilot Sequences

Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Pilot Contamination Attack and Its Countermeasure

Secure performance analysis and detection of pilot attack in massive multiple-input multiple-output system

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