Detection of a soluble form of the CD30 antigen in sera of patients with lymphoma, adult T‐cell leukemia and infectious mononucleosis

Abstract

Using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) we were able to detect a soluble form of the CD30 antigen (CD30s) in the supernatant of cell lines expressing membrane-bound CD30 and in T and B cells after transformation with human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) and Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV). While CD30s was not found in 250 healthy controls, it was detected in the sera of patients with Hodgkin's disease (23/100), anaplastic large-cell (6/9), angioimmunoblastic (2/2) and one unclassified high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), as well as in 18/20 patients with acute adult T-cell leukemia (ATL, HTLV-I-positive). It was absent in a large number of patients with other high-grade NHL, all low-grade NHLs, acute or chronic leukemias and solid tumors. The only non-malignant disease with detectable levels of CD30s was infectious mononucleosis (9/10). The membrane-bound form of CD30 has a molecular weight of 120 kDa. Western blot analysis revealed that CD30s in the serum of patients has a molecular weight of 88 kDa, identical to the antigen released by cell lines in vitro. CD30s disappeared in all originally positive cases after successful treatment and reappeared in relapsing patients. Thus, CD30s may be useful as a specific marker for disease activity of certain types of lymphoma and ATL.

Plasma Soluble CD30 as a Possible Marker of Adult T-cell Leukemia in HTLV-1 Carriers: a Nested Case-Control Study

“…Previously, Pfreundschuh et al reported that sCD30 in sera was detected in 90 % of patients with ATL (Pfreundschuh et al, 1990), and Ohtsuka et al reported that CD30 expression has been noted in approximately one-fourth of ATL cells (Ohtsuka et al, 1994). We also reported that ATL cells produced sCD30 and elevated serum sCD30 levels correlated with the aggressiveness of the acute type of ATL and the chemotherapy resistance (Nishioka et al, 2005).…”

Soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) in Hodgkin's disease: outcome and clinical implications

“…Several cytokines and soluble forms of cell-surface antigens of lymphocytes and Reed-Steinberg (RS) cells or reactive cells found in tissues involved by Hodgkin's disease, such as CD30, CD8 and CD25 have been evaluated. (Rubin et al, 1985;Hsu and Hsu, 1990;Kretschmer et al, 1990;Pfreundschuh et al, 1990;Grimfors et al, 1991;Gause et al, 1992b). Recent clinical studies suggest a prognostic value of the soluble form of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) Pui et al, 1989b;Gause et al, 1991Gause et al, , 1992aEnblad et al, 1995).…”

Cell membrane-specific epitopes on CD30: Potentially superior targets for immunotherapy

“…Soluble CD30 is produced in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma or anaplastic large-cell lymphoma as well as by many cell lines derived from them (19,22,40,41). Soluble CD30 produced by L540 and Karpas 299 cells was purified on an affinity column on which anti-CD30 mAbs, T420 (Ep1) and T427 (Ep5), were immobilized.…”

“…It has been reported that the soluble CD30 produced by L540 cells migrates at the same size (85-90 kDa) in SDS͞PAGE as that prepared from the serum of a patient (40); other reports have shown that soluble CD30 from various cell lines migrates at the 85-to 90-kDa size (19,22,41). It is likely that the soluble CD30s produced by different cells are the same, although the precise cleavage site(s) has not been determined (22).…”

“…The generality of the presence of membrane-specific epitopes on the other targets and the usefulness of targeting membrane-specific epitopes needs to be investigated. Soluble CD30 has been extensively investigated as a disease marker especially for Hodgkin's lymphoma (3,19,25,26,40). Its physiological role was also examined in previous studies (44,45).…”