Detection limits for sulfates and nitrates in aerosol particles by Raman spectroscopy

Fung, K. H.; Imre, Dan G.; Tang, I.N.

doi:10.1016/0021-8502(94)90065-5

Cited by 49 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There is no evidence in the present spectra for (N..H) complexes (in the 3000-3400 cm −1 range; Yeo and Ford, 1994), nitride substitution in SiO 4 tetrahedra (> 1200 cm No Raman signals were detected in this frequency region thus ruling out detectable amounts of such species in either fluid or melt. Whether or not NO 3 groups are formed will be addressed below in the presentation of the low-frequency range comprising vibrations of the silicate network because N-O vibrations occur in the same frequency range (between 1100 and 1200 cm −1 ; Fung et al 1994). There is no Raman signal in this frequency range in spectra of fluids.…”

Section: Nitrogen Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass transfer in the Earth’s interior: fluid-melt interaction in aluminosilicate–C–O–H–N systems at high pressure and temperature under oxidizing conditions

Mysen

2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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Understanding what governs the speciation in the C-O-H-N system aids our knowledge of how volatiles affect mass transfer processes in the Earth's interior. Experiments with aluminosilicate melt + C-O-H-N volatiles were, therefore, carried out with Raman and infrared spectroscopy to 800°C and near 700 MPa in situ in hydrothermal diamond anvil cells. The measurements were conducted in situ with the samples at the desired temperatures and pressures in order to avoid possible structural and compositional changes resulting from quenching to ambient conditions prior to analysis. Experiments were conducted without any reducing agent and with volatiles added as H 2 O, CO 2 , and N 2 because both carbon and nitrogen can occur in different oxidation states. Volatiles dissolved in melt comprise H 2 O, CO 3 2-, HCO 3 -, and molecular N 2 , whereas in the coexisting fluid, the species are H 2 O, CO 2 , CO 3 2-, and N 2 . The HCO 3 -/CO 3 2-equilibrium in melts shift toward CO 3 2-groups with increasing temperature with ΔH = 114 ± 22 kJ/mol. In fluids, the CO 2 abundance is essentially invariant with temperature and pressure. For fluid/melt partitioning, those of H 2 O and N 2 are greater than 1 with temperature-dependence that yields ΔH values of − 6.5 ± 1.5 and − 19.6 ± 3.7 kJ/mol, respectively. Carbonate groups, CO 3 2-are favored by melt over fluid. Where redox conditions in the Earth's interior exceed that near the QFM oxygen buffer (between NNO and MW buffers), N 2 is the stable nitrogen species and as such acts as a diluent of both fluids and melts. For fluids, this lower silicate solubility, in turn, enhances alkalinity. This means that in such environments, the transport of components such as high field strength cations, will be enhanced. Effects of dissolved N 2 on melt structure are considerably less than on fluid structure.

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Section: Nitrogen Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass transfer in the Earth’s interior: fluid-melt interaction in aluminosilicate–C–O–H–N systems at high pressure and temperature under oxidizing conditions

Mysen

2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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“…SRS microscopy has been shown as a promising technique for imaging the 3D structures of individual aerosol particles with high spatiotemporal resolution and chemical specificity. Compared with a previous attempt of detecting aerosols with continuous wave (CW) laser based SRS spectroscopy, modern SRS microscopy has much improved sensitivity and imaging power for single‐particle studies. Unlike conceptual models inferred from TEM/EDS and ATOFMS data, the true interior structures of particles were directly imaged for the first time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid, 3D Chemical Profiling of Individual Atmospheric Aerosols with Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Yan

et al. 2019

Small Methods

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Visualizing the 3D chemical profiles of individual aerosols is crucial to understand their formation and aging processes, yet remains technically challenging. Here, the first application of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy on 3D chemical imaging of individual aerosols in a nondestructive manner is demonstrated. SRS is capable of mapping chemical components of aerosols at a speed four orders of magnitude faster than conventional spontaneous Raman microscopy. Spatially resolved distributions of nitrates and sulfates reveal the fine structures and different mixing states of atmospheric particles. Moreover, high‐throughput quantifications of chemical compositions and particle size distributions are realized by large‐area imaging and statistical analysis. Its high‐speed and 3D chemical quantification capabilities promise SRS microscopy as a unique tool for studying the properties of single atmospheric particles, and ultimately their impacts on climate and human health.

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“…Raman scattering, has only recently been demonstrated to be a potential analytical method for chemical identification of aerosol particles [10]. It has small scattering cross section but large number of advantages as follows [11]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical identification of semi-urban aerosols by laser raman spectroscopy

2013

Issue 3

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Atmospheric aerosols play an important role in local, regional meteorology, visibility, air pollution, haze formation and energy balance of radiation. These processes influence the climate directly or indirectly. Therefore, for increasing importance of aerosols in understanding the various environmental processes and public health; it is necessary to have accurate physical and chemical identification of these aerosols. The Raman scattering has only recently been demonstrated as potential analytical method for chemical identification of aerosol particles [1], [2]. This technique is used for the chemical identification of aerosol at Ahmednagar (INDIA). Various spectroscopic techniques have been applied for the identification of the matter, while most of these techniques can be adopted as a routine analytical procedures for bulk samples. They may not be practical for aerosol samples at all. Each of these techniques has its advantages and disadvantages. For in situ identification of aerosol particles, however, Raman scattering is currently the most promising technique. It has small scattering cross-section but large number of advantages. We have explored the use of Raman Spectroscopy for the identification of aerosol particles of urban, rural, and industrial areas. The aerosol samples are collected on pure quartz filters with high volume aerosol sampler and Raman spectra is obtained using Raman spectrometer. It uses double monochromator with diffraction grating having 1800 grooves/mm and diode laser (532nm wavelength) with 25mW Power. The spectra of aerosol samples are collected in the perpendicular direction to the incident laser beam from the surface of filter containing aerosols. Thus, the various aerosol samples have been investigated for their chemical speciation. The Raman spectra for atmospheric aerosols appears in the region 607cm-1 to 937cm-1. The peaks at 607cm-1and 647cm-1 [3] correspond to Ammonium sulphate and Ammonium bicarbonates present in environmental aerosols respectively. In addition to this the Raman shifts at 847cm-1and 937cm-1are equivalent to potassium bisulphate and potassium chlorate. These are the major chemical species present in the semi-urban environment of Ahmednagar city. This region is dominated by low rainfall; dry weather and having relative humidity around 40%. The region is surrounded by the agriculture land producing sugarcane as a major agriculture crop. Hence, the aerosol chemical identification of this region would be an additional contribution to the data on aerosols.

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Detection limits for sulfates and nitrates in aerosol particles by Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 49 publications

References 15 publications

Mass transfer in the Earth’s interior: fluid-melt interaction in aluminosilicate–C–O–H–N systems at high pressure and temperature under oxidizing conditions

Mass transfer in the Earth’s interior: fluid-melt interaction in aluminosilicate–C–O–H–N systems at high pressure and temperature under oxidizing conditions

Rapid, 3D Chemical Profiling of Individual Atmospheric Aerosols with Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Chemical identification of semi-urban aerosols by laser raman spectroscopy

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