Detection, Assay, and Preliminary Purification of the Pigment Controlling Photoresponsive Development of Plants

Butler, Warren L.; Norris, Karl H.; Siegelman, H. W.; Hendricks, S. B.

doi:10.1073/pnas.45.12.1703

Cited by 425 publications

(222 citation statements)

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“…Two models were considered in this work: (a) the crystal structure of SynCph2 (1)(2) itself and (b) a modified structure of SynCph2(1-2) with a planar PCB chromophore as found in the structure of the SynCph1 photosensory module (8).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orthologous swapping variants of SynCph2 (1)(2) in the tongue and propionate region were produced by adding additional restriction sites into pCDFDuet-1/SynCph2(1-2). Thus the stretches Trp 369 -Glu 391 in the tongue variants and Val 97 -Val 126 in the propionate variants, respectively, were replaced by regions of Cph2-like phytochromes from Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 (YP_001868577.1), Oscillatoria sp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytochromes are red/far-red light absorbing photoreceptors first discovered in plants (1), and later in many photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic bacteria (2) as well as in several fungi (3). A hallmark of these photochromic light sensors is their bilin chromophore covalently bound to a cGMP phosphodiesterase/adenylyl cyclase/FhlA (GAF) 2 domain.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Structure of the Cyanobacterial Phytochrome 2 Photosensor Implies a Tryptophan Switch for Phytochrome Signaling

Anders

Daminelli-Widany

Mroginski

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

168

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Background: Phytochromes are red/far-red photoreceptors using a bilin chromophore. Results: Compared with Cph1, the Cph2 bilin-binding site differs around the propionates, but utilizes an otherwise conserved tongue for sealing the chromophore from solvent. Conclusion:The tongue signals via a tryptophan switch within the tongue-GAF domain interface. Significance: The first structure of a Cph2-type phytochrome indicates a common mechanism for photoswitching in all canonical phytochromes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure of the Cyanobacterial Phytochrome 2 Photosensor Implies a Tryptophan Switch for Phytochrome Signaling

Anders

Daminelli-Widany

Mroginski

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

168

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“…Because phytochrome is a soluble protein (Butler et al, 1959), methods of sample preparation for immunohistochemical staining should minimize the potential for movement of the phytochrome during the assay (Pratt and Coleman, 1974). Therefore, we adopted a cryosectioning method in fresh tissue.…”

Section: Tissue-specific Distribution Of Phya In Etiolated Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytochromes are soluble chromoproteins that convert photoreversibly between two spectrally distinct forms when sequentially absorbing red (R) and far-red (FR) light, and this interconversion occurs immediately both in vivo and in vitro (Butler et al, 1959). Phytochromes are encoded by a small gene family (phytochrome genes PHYA to PHYE in Arabidopsis; Sharrock and Quail, 1989;Clack et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-Induced Nuclear Translocation of Endogenous Pea Phytochrome A Visualized by Immunocytochemical Procedures

et al. 2000

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Although the physiological functions of phytochrome A (PhyA) are now known, the distribution of endogenous PhyA has not been examined. We have visualized endogenous PhyA apoprotein (PHYA) by immunolabeling cryosections of pea tissue, using PHYA-deficient mutants as negative controls. By this method, we examined the distribution of PHYA in different tissues and changes in its intracellular distribution in response to light. In apical hook cells of etiolated seedlings, PHYA immunolabeling was distributed diffusely in the cytosol. Exposure to continuous far-red (cFR) light caused a redistribution of the immunolabeling to the nucleus, first detectable after 1.5 hr and greatest at 4.5 hr. During this time, the amounts of spectrally active phytochrome and PHYA did not decline substantially. Exposure to continuous red (cR) light or to a brief pulse of red light also resulted in redistribution of immunolabeling to the nucleus, but this occurred much more rapidly and with a different pattern of intranuclear distribution than it did in response to cFR light. Exposures to cR light resulted in loss of immunolabeling, which was associated with PHYA degradation. These results indicate that the light-induced intracellular location of PHYA is wavelength dependent and imply that this is important for PhyA activity. INTRODUCTIONThe phytochrome family of plant photoreceptors regulates various molecular and cellular processes of plant development in response to the light environment . Phytochromes are soluble chromoproteins that convert photoreversibly between two spectrally distinct forms when sequentially absorbing red (R) and far-red (FR) light, and this interconversion occurs immediately both in vivo and in vitro (Butler et al., 1959). Phytochromes are encoded by a small gene family (phytochrome genes PHYA to PHYE in Arabidopsis; Sharrock and Quail, 1989;Clack et al., 1994). Studies with mutants deficient in specific phytochromes have shown that phytochrome A (PhyA) and phytochrome B (PhyB) have distinct action spectra for the photoinduction of seed germination (Shinomura et al., 1996) and distinct fluence and wavelength requirements for expression of the chlorophyll a / b binding protein gene ( CAB ) (Hamazato et al., 1997). The fundamental molecular basis for these differences is of great interest but has not been elucidated. Recent genetic and molecular analyses have defined differences in PhyA and PhyB activities with respect to interacting factors and signaling intermediates. Those studies suggest that PhyA and PhyB signals are transduced by overlapping signal transduction pathways (Deng and Quail, 1999).To complement such approaches, one must also consider the ways in which the concentration, photochemical activity, and localization of each phytochrome are regulated in tissues and cells (Pratt, 1994). In tissues, this regulation may affect the transmission of the light signal from the site of photoperception to the responsive organ. An analysis of the way in which photoreceptors are redistributed within the cell in respon...

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Phytochrome and Its Control of Plant Growth and Development

Siegelman

Hendricks

1964

Advances in Enzymology - And Related Areas of Molecular Biology

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Detection, Assay, and Preliminary Purification of the Pigment Controlling Photoresponsive Development of Plants

Cited by 425 publications

References 6 publications

Structure of the Cyanobacterial Phytochrome 2 Photosensor Implies a Tryptophan Switch for Phytochrome Signaling

Structure of the Cyanobacterial Phytochrome 2 Photosensor Implies a Tryptophan Switch for Phytochrome Signaling

Light-Induced Nuclear Translocation of Endogenous Pea Phytochrome A Visualized by Immunocytochemical Procedures

Phytochrome and Its Control of Plant Growth and Development

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