Detection and transmission of Fusarium verticillioides in corn seeds according to the plant stage

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the transmissibility of F. verticillioides, in corn seeds, when inoculated in different phenological stages. The plants were inoculated with the pathogen at the following stages: V7, V9, R1, R2, R4, and R6. The experiments were conducted in pots, in a completely randomized design, with six replications. The fungus infection rate in the seeds was verified through the health test (Blotter Test). The significance of the contrast between the phenological stages and in the two experiments (rainy season and dry season), and productivity showed plant-seed transmission of F. verticillioides in all phenological stages. The PCR technique was able to reveal up to the lowest level, 1% incidence of F. verticillioides in corn seeds. There was a significant difference between the times of plant inoculation and the incidence of the fungus in the seeds. Plants inoculated in the reproductive phase transmitted F. verticillioides for seeds with the highest rate of infection, in the two experiments, in the rainy season (V7 - 48; V9 - 46; R1 - 77.33; R2 - 84; R4 - 96; R6 - 96.67; and Test - 14.67%), and dry season (V7 - 46.67; V9 - 66; R1 - 75.33; R2 - 95.33; R4 - 98; and R6 - 97.33%). In this way, the present work demonstrated that in the reproductive phenological stages R2, R4, and R6, the corn plant was more susceptible to infection with F. verticillioides, and that it also resulted in a decrease in grain productivity.

Aggressiveness of Fusarium oxysporum and F. verticillioides isolates on stone and scots pine under greenhouse conditions

“…Inconsistent pathogenic behaviour according to the host growth stage has also been found in other studies. For example, in tissues infected by F. verticillioides , only the infections occurring at seedling and young plant stages of maize showed high radicle decay ability (Venturini et al, 2013), although Sousa et al (2021) recently found that in the reproductive phenological stages, the plant was more susceptible to the infection of the same pathogen. Infections of F. oxysporum at the early seedling growth stage of Lupinus luteus showed that the disease was particularly aggressive after the change from autotrophic to heterotrophic phase of the plant, that is, up to 72 h of growth (Morkunas et al, 2004).…”

Seasonal Analysis of Yield and Loss Factors in Bt Soybean Crops in North Brazil

“…These containers were then placed in an incubation chamber (BOD) under a 12 h photoperiod, maintaining a temperature of 25 ± 2 • C for 24 h. Following this incubation, the containers were transferred to a freezer at −20 • C for 24 h to inhibit seed germination. Subsequently, they were returned to the incubation chamber at 25 ± 2 • C, under a 12 h photoperiod, for five days for the growth of fungi [21]. Following established literature guidelines, pathogens were identified by examining their morphological characteristics under magnification [20].…”

Cell wall-related genes and lignin accumulation contribute to the root resistance in different maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes to Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg infection

“…Nirenberg were the most predominant species reported in agriculture fields in Germany and New Zealand ( Hussein et al., 2003 ; Görtz et al., 2008 ). Fv has also been detected in Brazil ( de Sousa et al., 2022 ), China ( Qiu et al., 2015 ), France ( Atanasova-Penichon et al., 2014 ), and Mexico ( Leyva-Madrigal et al., 2015 ). Mexico has high maize yield losses from Fusarium rot ( González Huerta et al., 2007 ; Briones-Reyes et al., 2015 ; Lizárraga-Sánchez et al., 2015 ).…”