Detection and Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction of Concentric Traveling Ionosphere Disturbances Induced by Hurricane Matthew on 7 October 2016

Abstract

The response of the ionosphere to meteorological events was extensively studied for decades. These studies showed that the dynamic process was an important way of coupling the ionosphere with the lower atmospheres (Artru et al., 2005;Chane-Ming et al., 2002;Hines, 1960). Gravity waves (GWs) caused by deep convections were common in the atmosphere during severe convective meteorological events (Hoffmann & Alexander, 2010;Yue et al., 2013). The small-scale GWs tended to dissipate and break below the top of stratosphere, while medium-scale GWs that have fast-enough horizontal phase speeds can propagate upward into the thermosphere, causing ripples of electron density (

Revisiting the Ionospheric Disturbances Over Low Latitude Region of China During Super Typhoon Hato

“…In addition to the CTIDs event mentioned above, another CTIDs occurrence was observed during UT 6–8 on 22 August 2017 (not given here). Using the same methodology, we can get the period of this CTIDs event was determined to be 18–22 min, with a propagation velocity of 190–220 m/s, which are both consistent with the typical parameter characteristics of MSTIDs related to typhoon (Chen et al., 2022; Chou, Lin, Yue, Tsai, et al., 2017; R. Song et al., 2022).…”

“…By calculating the variation of dTEC with time continuously and the assumed distance from the wave source over time, significant periodic structures can be observed, as shown in In addition to the CTIDs event mentioned above, another CTIDs occurrence was observed during UT 6-8 on 22 August 2017 (not given here). Using the same methodology, we can get the period of this CTIDs event was determined to be 18-22 min, with a propagation velocity of 190-220 m/s, which are both consistent with the typical parameter characteristics of MSTIDs related to typhoon (Chen et al, 2022;R. Song et al, 2022).…”

Study on Four-Dimensional Evolution of Concentric Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances After Falcon 9 Rocket Launch Using Ionospheric Tomography

“…Otherwise, they tend to dissipate in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). For example, CTIDs induced by Typhoon Meranti had an amplitude of ~0.2 TECU and horizontal wavelengths of ~160-200 km [33], and Hurricane Matthew generated CTIDs with an amplitude of ~0.15 TECU and a horizontal wavelength of ~276 km [31]. In the current event, the amplitudes and horizontal wavelengths of the ionospheric disturbances excited by the Falcon rocket were comparable to those in the above cases, allowing for the formation of concentric ring structures.…”

“…1. The time-frequency relationships corresponding to the STEC sequences are obtained using the wavelet transform [31], [35]. The results of spectrum analysis show that the significant power enhancement occurs at 19:00-19:30 UT, slightly later than the launch time.…”

“…In the investigations of 2011 Japan Tohoku earthquake [29] and the 2015 Nepal earthquake [30], ionospheric tomography was employed to determine the altitudes and 3-D propagation parameters of earthquake induced ionospheric disturbances, enabling a better understanding of the lithosphere-atmosphereionosphere coupling processes. Moreover, Chen, et al [31] reported detailed information on the horizontal and vertical evolutions of CTIDs excited by GWs during Hurricane Matthew, demonstrating ionospheric tomography as an effective tool for ionospheric disturbance detection.…”