Detection and significance of inapparent infection in Chagas disease in western Venezuela.

Áñez, Néstor; Crisante, Gladys; Rojas, Agustina; Carrasco, Hugo; Parada, Henry; Yepez, Yancarlos; Borges, Rafael; Guevara, Palmira; Ramı́rez, José Luis

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.227

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Of the 8 seropositive individuals who agreed to further investigations, seven had no evidence of cardiac involvement. This observation supports previous findings that most people with T. cruzi infection are asymptomatic [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in an Indigenous Kariña Community in Eastern Venezuela

Berrizbeitia

Moreno

Ward

et al. 2012

Epidemiology Research International

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We investigated the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in an indigenous Kariña population in eastern Venezuela. A total of 175 serum samples were collected in the community of Piñantal during February 2009. Interviews targeting socioeconomic and environmental factors associated with the T. cruzi transmission were also conducted. Samples were evaluated using trypomastigote excreted/secreted antigens (TESAs) in an ELISA format. TESA-ELISA positive samples were confirmed by indirect haemagglutination (HAI) (Wiener). A nonsystematic collection of vectors was also undertaken. T. cruzi seroprevalence was 7.43% according to both assays, and the mean age of infected patients was 48.61 ± 10.40 years (range 34 to 73 years). The vector infection rate was 20.00% (2/10). T. cruzi seropositivity was associated with a history of triatomine bites, the ability to recognize the vector and poor knowledge about Chagas disease, but no associations were found with gender, house type, knowledge of how the disease is transmitted, or the presence of vectors or animals inside dwellings. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the seroprevalence of T. cruzi in an indigenous population in eastern Venezuela. All of the epidemiological variables required for the establishment of active vectorial transmission of T. cruzi were present in this community.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in an Indigenous Kariña Community in Eastern Venezuela

Berrizbeitia

Moreno

Ward

et al. 2012

Epidemiology Research International

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“…Patients from three different sources were chosen to be sampled. This included: (i) chronic chagasic individuals (1-17 - Table 1) kept from 1995 onwards under regular control at the outpatient cardiologic unit of the "Luis Razetti" hospital, Barinas, Venezuela; (ii) seropositive people (18-24 - Table 1) from a village where Chagas disease is endemic and who were diagnosed as CCP in 2004 by T. cruzi seropositivity with high levels of IgG, according to Añez et al (2001); and (iii) CCP (25-31 - Table 1) previously detected as acute cases during the period 1991-1998 at the Parasitological Research Center, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida, Venezuela, who have been clinical, seroparasitological and molecularly followed up during the last 19 years.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma cruzi persistence at oral inflammatory foci in chronic chagasic patients

et al. 2011

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a b s t r a c tThe persistence of Trypanosoma cruzi in seropositive individuals, previously diagnosed as chronic chagasic patients (CCP), was detected for the first time in biopsies taken from gingival inflammatory foci processed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Seven out of 31 (22.5%) gum samples from selected unquestionably CCP showing different degrees of gingival inflammation revealed T. cruzi-DNA using 3 specific PCR assays. All the included CCP had been diagnosed in previous studies carried out over the last 19 years. Samples of inflamed gums were recently taken from the indicated patients at: an outpatient hospital cardiac unit; a village where Chagas disease is endemic; and a specialized diagnostic research center, showing molecular evidence of parasite persistence in 17.6%, 42.8% and 14.3% of them, respectively. The relatively frequent parasite persistence, demonstrated here in oral inflammatory processes of treated and/or untreated patients bearing long term T. cruzi-infection, suggests the establishment of secondary small foci for the maintenance of hidden or inapparent chagasic infection. The easy and low-risk, non-invasive method to get the sample may add the use of gingival biopsy as a potential alternative diagnostic tool to confirm T. cruzi-infection in CCP. The significance of T. cruzi persistence as a primary cause of chronic Chagas disease and the proposal of this mechanism to explain the pathogenesis in CCP are considered.

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“…Chronicphase patients were those seropositive with high IgG levels ( ≥ 1:512) and low IgM levels ( ≤ 1:256). Those seropositive asymptomatic patients showing low IgM and IgG levels (< 1:256), were considered to have T. cruzi inapparent infection as previously described (Añez et al 2001). To estimate the reliability of parasitologic and serologic methods a correlation analysis was carried out using the Cronbach Coefficient Alpha (ρ 2 ).…”

Section: Sampling Methods Diagnostic Criteria and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Chagas disease in Venezuela: a review

Áñez

Crisante

Rojas

2004

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The present article reviews the status of Chagas disease in Venezuela based on the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi infections both in referred patients with clinical presumptive diagnosis (1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002) and in individuals sampled from rural localities representative of the different geographical regions of the country (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)

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Detection and significance of inapparent infection in Chagas disease in western Venezuela.

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in an Indigenous Kariña Community in Eastern Venezuela

Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in an Indigenous Kariña Community in Eastern Venezuela

Trypanosoma cruzi persistence at oral inflammatory foci in chronic chagasic patients

Update on Chagas disease in Venezuela: a review

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