Detection and quantification of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma asterisʼ and ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticusʼ at early and late stages of Huanglongbing disease development

Arratia-Castro, Alda A.; Santos-Cervantes, María Elena; Arce-Leal, Ángela Paulina; Espinoza-Mancillas, Mariela Guadalupe; Negrete, Edgar A. Rodríguez; Méndez-Lozano, Jesús; Arocha-Rosete, Yaima; Leyva-López, Norma Elena

doi:10.1080/07060661.2016.1243586

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Host-specific (psyllid or plant expression data) constrained models predicted growth rates ~70% slower than media-constrained models. The predicted growth rate in the psyllid was higher than in the plant, as was previously observed experimentally 42 . These findings suggest different behaviors of C Las are dependent on its host (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Linking metabolic phenotypes to pathogenic traits among “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” and its hosts

et al. 2020

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Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) has been associated with Huanglongbing, a lethal vector-borne disease affecting citrus crops worldwide. While comparative genomics has provided preliminary insights into the metabolic capabilities of this uncultured microorganism, a comprehensive functional characterization is currently lacking. Here, we reconstructed and manually curated genome-scale metabolic models for the six CLas strains A4, FL17, gxpsy, Ishi-1, psy62, and YCPsy, in addition to a model of the closest related culturable microorganism, L. crescens BT-1. Predictions about nutrient requirements and changes in growth phenotypes of CLas were confirmed using in vitro hairy root-based assays, while the L. crescens BT-1 model was validated using cultivation assays. Host-dependent metabolic phenotypes were revealed using expression data obtained from CLas-infected citrus trees and from the CLas-harboring psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. These results identified conserved and unique metabolic traits, as well as strain-specific interactions between CLas and its hosts, laying the foundation for the development of model-driven Huanglongbing management strategies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Linking metabolic phenotypes to pathogenic traits among “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” and its hosts

et al. 2020

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“…In samples infected with CLas genotype TRN > 10 and mixed infection (of CLas and HLB‐associated phytoplasma), prophage II was the prevailing phage population. The later might be a potential strategy for CLas to compete with another phloem‐restricted phytoplasma in the phloem cell (Arratia‐Castro et al., ). Similarly, it was suggested that Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and characterization of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus strains causing huanglongbing disease in Iran, based on two prophage loci

Saberi

Alavi

Safaie

2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening, is a destructive disease of citrus; it is considered a newly emerging disease which has spread to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In Iran, the disease was first found in 2009. In this study, two hypervariable prophage and phage‐related loci, bacteriophage repressor protein C1 (CLIBASIA_ 01645 locus) and prophage terminase gene (CLIBASIA_05610 locus), were used to determine the diversity and characterization of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) strains associated with HLB samples. Analyses of the CLIBASIA_01645 locus, characteristic of variable tandem repeat numbers (VTRNs), revealed the homogeneity of Iranian CLas isolates: However, this result showed two distinct genotypes (TRN < 10 and TRN > 10) of CLas in Iran. This is the first report documenting the presence of two differentially distributed genotypes of CLas in Iran. Sequence analysis of prophage terminase revealed the presence of two putative prophages (prophage I and prophage II) in the genome of CLas isolates of Iran. Frequency analysis of these two prophages by specific loci revealed the association between prophages populations, the development HLB symptoms and CLas genotypes and their interactions with another obligate symbiontic, HLB phytoplasma.

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“…Mixed infections by bacterial pathogens are commonly observed in the phloem of a single plant. The simultaneous occurrence of multiple pathogens, either related or phylogenetically distant, is rather frequent in single herbaceous plants and trees of many families (Križanac et al., ; Nicolaisen et al., ; Arratia‐Castro et al., ; Satta et al., ; Swisher et al., ). Throughout its life cycle, a single insect may feed on several plants of the same or different species, probably being exposed to mixed pathogen infections.…”

Section: Multiple Pathogen Infections and Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple guests in a single host: interactions across symbiotic and phytopathogenic bacteria in phloem‐feeding vectors – a review

Gonella

Tedeschi

Crotti

et al. 2019

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Some pathogenic phloem‐limited bacteria are a major threat for worldwide agriculture due to the heavy economic losses caused to many high‐value crops. These disease agents – phytoplasmas, spiroplasmas, liberibacters, and Arsenophonus‐like bacteria – are transmitted from plant to plant by phloem‐feeding Hemiptera vectors. The associations established among pathogens and vectors result in a complex network of interactions involving also the whole microbial community harboured by the insect host. Interactions among bacteria may be beneficial, competitive, or detrimental for the involved microorganisms, and can dramatically affect the insect vector competence and consequently the spread of diseases. Interference is observed among pathogen strains competing to invade the same vector specimen, causing selective acquisition or transmission. Insect bacterial endosymbionts are another pivotal element of interactions between vectors and phytopathogens, because of their central role in insect life cycles. Some symbionts, either obligate or facultative, were shown to have antagonistic effects on the colonization by plant pathogens, by producing antimicrobial substances, by stimulating the production of antimicrobial substances by insects, or by competing for host infection. In other cases, the mutual exclusion between symbiont and pathogen suggests a possible detrimental influence on phytopathogens displayed by symbiotic bacteria; conversely, examples of microbes enhancing pathogen load are available as well. Whether and how bacterial exchanges occurring in vectors affect the relationship between insects, plants, and phytopathogens is still unresolved, leaving room for many open questions concerning the significance of particular traits of these multitrophic interactions. Such complex interplays may have a serious impact on pathogen spread and control, potentially driving new strategies for the containment of important diseases.

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Detection and quantification of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asterisʼ and ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticusʼ at early and late stages of Huanglongbing disease development

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Linking metabolic phenotypes to pathogenic traits among “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” and its hosts

Linking metabolic phenotypes to pathogenic traits among “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” and its hosts

Diversity and characterization of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus strains causing huanglongbing disease in Iran, based on two prophage loci

Multiple guests in a single host: interactions across symbiotic and phytopathogenic bacteria in phloem‐feeding vectors – a review

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