Detection and quantification of chemical plumes using a portable underwater membrane introduction mass spectrometer

Short, R.T.; Toler, Susan; Kibelka, Gottfried; Rueda-Roa, Digna; Bell, Ryan J.; Byrne, Robert H.

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2006.05.002

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although, high sensitivity and specificity can be achieved using these GC/LC-MS-based methods, considerable time is required for sample pre-concentration and pretreatment; the sample must also be transported to the laboratory for analysis [15][16][17][18]. Ambient ionization methods [19][20][21][22][23] are well suited for portable mass spectrometers [24][25][26][27] as vacuum requirements are reduced. Moreover, the flexibility to use different ambient ionization sources allows a wide range of analytes to be measured in situ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Coupled to a Portable Mass Spectrometer

Jjunju

Maher

et al. 2014

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Abstract. Desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (DAPCI) is implemented on a portable mass spectrometer and applied to the direct detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkyl substituted benzenes. The presence of these compounds in the environment poses a significant threat to the health of both humans and wildlife because of their carcinogenic, toxic, and mutagenic properties. As such, instant detection outside of the laboratory is of particular importance to allow in-situ measurement at the source. Using a rapid, high throughput, miniature, handheld mass spectrometer, several alkyl substituted benzenes and PAHs (i.e., 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, pentamethylbenzene, hexamethylbenzene, fluoranthene, anthracene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, dibenz [a,h]anthracene, acenaphthene, indeno [1,2,3-c,d]pyrene, 9-ethylfluorene, and 1-benzyl-3-methyl-naphthalene) were identified and characterized using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) from ambient surfaces, in the open air. This method can provide almost instantaneous information while minimizing sample preparation, which is advantageous in terms of both cost and simplicity of analysis. This MS-based technique is applicable to a wide range of environmental organic molecules.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Coupled to a Portable Mass Spectrometer

Jjunju

Maher

et al. 2014

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…Fast technical developments in the field of harsh environment mass spectrometry (HEMS) allow for mea-suring a wide range of gases by MIMS on board of small research vessels or even on mobile underwater platforms like autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) or submersibles [16,17]. For this purpose, specific membrane inlet systems and underwater mass spectrometer (UWMS) such as the Inspectr200-200, the THETYS, or the NEREUS [16 -23] were designed.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Whereas a few studies applied MIMS for analysis of CO 2 , O 2 , or DMS concentrations in marine environments, or considered relative shifts of peak intensities indicative for CH 4 concentrations [14,16,17], the calibration of an UWMS for measurement of methane concentration in coastal areas and lakes is a rather new topic. For this purpose, we applied the Inspectr200-200 (AML) underwater mass spectrometer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry for online and in situ analysis of methane in aquatic environments

Schlüter

Gentz

2008

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A method is presented for the online measurement of methane in aquatic environments by application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS). For this purpose, the underwater mass spectrometer Inspectr200-200 was applied. A simple and reliable volumetric calibration technique, based on the mixing of two end member concentrations, was used for the analysis of CH 4 by MIMS. To minimize interferences caused by the high water vapor content, permeating through the membrane inlet system into the vacuum section of the mass spectrometer, a cool-trap was designed. With the application of the cool-trap, the detection limit was lowered from 100 to 16 nmol/L CH 4 . This allows for measurements of methane concentrations in surface and bottom waters of coastal areas and lakes. Furthermore, in case of membrane rupture, the cool-trap acts as a security system, avoiding total damage of the mass spectrometer by flushing it with water. The Inspectr200-200 was applied for studies of methane and carbon dioxide concentrations in coastal areas of the Baltic Sea and Lake Constance. The low detection limit and fast response time of the MIMS allowed a detailed investigation of methane concentrations in the vicinity of gas seepages. aAm Soc Mass T he analysis of methane as well as other trace gases like carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, or dimethyl sulphide in aquatic environments is a major objective of basic and applied research. This includes investigations of the air-sea exchange of these greenhouse gases as well as of the release of methane from gassy sediments, hydrocarbon reservoirs, and pipelines, or through dissociation of gas hydrates. Although the spatial extent of such discharge sites is often rather small, ranging from a few square meters to several square kilometers, they are considered major drivers for the marine methane cycle in the present and past [1][2][3][4].The localization of such discharge sites as well as the detection and quantification of trace gases in lakes or the ocean relies essentially on water sampling (e.g., by Rosette Water Samplers, Hydro-Bios, Kiel, Germany) and subsequent chemical analysis by gas chromatography (GC) or infrared-spectrometry (IR) onboard the research vessel. Application of GC as well as IR requires the phase transfer of gases from the dissolved to the gaseous phase. For this purpose, head-space techniques, vacuum-degassing, or spray chambers are applied [5].Head-space techniques and vacuum-degassing are very suitable for analysis of discrete water samples but or N 2 0 in surface waters sampled along transects by research vessels. Nevertheless, the time required for equilibration and subsequent GC or IR analysis is about several tens of minutes to hours [7]. Hence, highresolution investigations, in time and space, of trace gases at natural gas seepages like pockmarks (morphological depressions at the seafloor) or hydrocarbon leakages during surveys by research vessels are rather difficult and time consuming.Compared with such rather long measuring times, application of membrane inlet mass...

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“…These sensors are highly sensitive and can detect multiple chemical species simultaneously. The advent of membrane inlet technology has facilitated autonomous mass spectrometer operation for analysis of volatile halocarbons such as methane (Schluter and Gentz, 2008) and toluene (Short et al, 2006). Engineering progress has made the platforms robust for extended field deployment, including continuous operation at fixed buoys or on autonomous underwater vehicles for spatial mapping (Hemond et al, 2008).…”

Section: Automated Sensing Technologies In Microbial Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the black box be cracked? The augmentation of microbial ecology by high-resolution, automated sensing technologies

et al. 2009

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Automated sensing technologies, 'ASTs,' are tools that can monitor environmental or microbialrelated variables at increasingly high temporal resolution. Microbial ecologists are poised to use AST data to couple microbial structure, function and associated environmental observations on temporal scales pertinent to microbial processes. In the context of aquatic microbiology, we discuss three applications of ASTs: windows on the microbial world, adaptive sampling and adaptive management. We challenge microbial ecologists to push AST potential in helping to reveal relationships between microbial structure and function.

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Detection and quantification of chemical plumes using a portable underwater membrane introduction mass spectrometer

Cited by 43 publications

References 17 publications

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Coupled to a Portable Mass Spectrometer

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Coupled to a Portable Mass Spectrometer

Application of membrane inlet mass spectrometry for online and in situ analysis of methane in aquatic environments

Can the black box be cracked? The augmentation of microbial ecology by high-resolution, automated sensing technologies

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