Detection and Quantification of Bacteria Involved in Aerobic and Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in an Ammonium-Contaminated Aquifer

Molecular detection of anammox bacteria in terrestrial ecosystems: distribution and diversity

“…S Humbert et al consisted of sequences obtained from a salt marsh in southern France (Figure 1, CaMs4-SBS), whereas Cluster II contained sequences from a reductisol (Figure 1, LIR-OBS) and an ammonium-contaminated aquifer (AJ871743; Smits et al, 2009). Sequences from both clusters shared equal similarities of B95% with both Ca.…”

Modelling spatial oscillations in soil borehole bacteria

“…While only a single period of these oscillations is visible, the important feature is the coherence of the data points within this period; the signal does not appear noisy. Other borehole profiles from the same site also show similar coherent oscillations (Smits et al, 2009). Although oscillations in chemical reactions can occur, for example in the BelousovZhabotinskii reaction (e.g., Murray, 2002), we have sought vainly in models of nitrification for processes which might oscillate.…”

“…Groundwater contaminant concentration profiles have been observed to oscillate spatially (Broholm et al, 1998;Jones et al, 1999;Smits et al, 2009). In recent work, Fowler et al (2014) suggested that one mechanism whereby such oscillatory profiles could occur was through a competitive interaction between respiring heterotrophic and fermentative bacteria.…”

“…An extensively studied site of groundwater contamination is the Rexco site in Mansfield, UK, where the ammoniacal waste liquor from a coal carbonisation plant, which operated from the early 1930s to 1970s (Smits et al, 2009), has penetrated some 18 m into unsaturated sandstone, forming a contaminant plume of about 25 m depth. In the course of a large field investigation (Broholm et al, 1998;Jones et al, 1999), groundwater and soil samples were taken from a series of boreholes and the minerals in the aquifer were characterised.…”

Reaction front formation in contaminant plumes

“…The class of models we study should therefore be useful representations of field data, which commonly shows fronts of the type we discuss (Lerner et al, 2000;Smits et al, 2009), providing the issues of pore scale heterogeneity and bioavailability can be overcome in order to provide realistic field scale reaction rates and dispersivities.…”