Detection and Quantification of Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine in Sera and Urine of Sudanese Patients Infected with &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Schistosoma haematobium&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Hammad, Abdul; Nouri, Manahil; Alfadil, Abdelbagi; Musa, Hassan A.; Osman, Mervat; Bashir, Ahmed Muhammad; Omer, Nawal Eltayeb; Hassan, Yasir; Alfarazdeg, A.; A, Mustafa

doi:10.4236/ojmm.2016.61006

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The disease is caused by digenetic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma . S. haematobium is responsible for the urogenital form of the disease and affects over 112 million individuals, resulting in 150,000 deaths annually in sub-Saharan Africa [10]. Symptoms of the disease include haematuria, anaemia [17], fibrosis of the bladder and ureter, as well as kidney damage during the later stages of infection [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of C-reactive protein, P-selectin and Resistin as potential inflammatory biomarkers of urogenital Schistosomiasis exposure in preschool children

et al. 2019

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BackgroundSchistosomiasis is known to induce inflammatory immune responses. C-reactive protein (CRP), resistin and P-selectin are serological inflammatory markers that rise during the acute stages of infection. Here, we propose such inflammatory biomarkers have a potential for use in urogenital schistosomiasis diagnostic screening for exposure and infection in preschool-aged children.MethodsAs part of a larger study on urogenital schistosomiasis, 299 preschool children aged 1–5 years were included in this cross-sectional study. Parasitological diagnosis was conducted using urine filtration for Schistosoma haemtobium infection, and Kato Katz for S. mansoni infection. Serum levels of P-selectin, resistin, CRP, and antibodies against S. haematobium cercarial antigen preparation (CAP) and soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP) were measured by ELISA.ResultsOf the 299 participants, 14% were egg positive for S. haematobium. Serology showed 46 and 9% of the participants to have been exposed to S. haematobium cercarial antigens and adult worm antigens, respectively. Levels of P-selectin were significantly higher in participants infected with S. haematobium (egg-positive) than in uninfected participants (p = 0.001). Levels of P-selectin were also higher in those exposed to cercarial antigen than in unexposed participants (p = 0.019). There was a positive correlation between P-selectin and infection intensity (r = 0.172; p = 0.002), as well as with IgM responses to CAP and SWAP (r = 0.183; p = 0.001); (r = 0.333; p < 0.0001) respectively. CRP significantly correlated with IgM responses to CAP (r = 0.133; p = 0.029) while resistin correlated with IgM responses to CAP and SWAP (r = 0.127; p = 0.016); (r = 0.197; p = 0.0004). CRP levels were higher in those exposed to cercarial and adult worm antigens than unexposed participants (p = 0.035); (p = 0.002) respectively, while resistin was higher in participants exposed to cercarial antigen than unexposed participants (p = 0.024).ConclusionIn this preschool population, P-selectin is significantly associated with urogenital schistosome infection and intensity; hence a potential biomarker for infection diagnosis and disease monitoring. The inflammatory biomarkers (P-selectin, Resistin and CRP) were significantly higher in participants exposed to cercarial antigens than unexposed individuals indicating an underlying inflammatory environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%