Detection and Occurrence of Indicator Organisms and Pathogens

Stedtfeld, Robert D.; Yurtsever, Deniz; Duran, Metin; Alm, Elizabeth Wheeler; Hashsham, Syed A.

doi:10.2175/106143015x14338845155147

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In an effort to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases, previous research on viruses in drinking water has focused on tracking and eliminating human viral pathogens (Dong et al, 2010;Gall et al, 2015;Petrovich et al, 2020;Rao et al, 1981;Ye et al, 2012). Researchers have tracked specific human viruses, using qPCR to understand their distribution throughout drinking water treatment plants and distribution systems (Albinana-Gimenez et al, 2006;Samhan et al, 2015;Ye et al, 2012). Others have used bacterial viruses, commonly referred to as bacteriophages or phages, as a proxy for human viruses to understand the effect of treatment processes on viral persistence (Dong et al, 2010;Hill et al, 2005;Langenfeld et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases, previous research on viruses in drinking water has focused on tracking and eliminating human viral pathogens (Dong et al, 2010; Gall et al, 2015; Petrovich et al, 2020; Rao et al, 1981; Ye et al, 2012). For example, researchers have tracked specific human viruses with qPCR to understand their distribution throughout drinking water treatment plants and distribution systems (Albinana-Gimenez et al, 2006; Samhan et al, 2015; Ye et al, 2012). While research on the presence and fate of human viruses is essential for assessing drinking water quality, the impacts of bacterial viruses, commonly referred to as bacteriophages (or phages), have rarely been addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Snapshot of the Global Drinking Water Virome: Diversity and Metabolic Potential Vary with Residual Disinfectant Use

Hegarty

Dai

Raskin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Viruses are important drivers of microbial community ecology and evolution, influencing microbial mortality, metabolism, and horizontal gene transfer. However, the effects of viruses remain largely unknown in many environments, including in drinking water systems. Drinking water metagenomic studies have offered a whole community perspective of bacterial impacts on water quality, but have not yet considered the influences of viruses. In this study, we address this gap by mining viral DNA sequences from publicly available drinking water metagenomes from distribution systems in six countries around the world. These datasets provide a snapshot of the taxonomic diversity and metabolic potential of the global drinking water virome, and provide an opportunity to investigate the effects of geography, climate, and drinking water treatment practices on viral diversity. Both environmental conditions and differences in sample processing were found to influence the viral composition. Using free chlorine as the residual disinfectant was associated with clear differences in viral taxonomic diversity and metabolic potential, with significantly fewer viral populations and less even viral community structures than observed in distribution systems without residual disinfectant. Additionally, significantly more viral-encoded genes involved in mitigating oxidative stress were observed in systems that use free chlorine, while significantly more viral genes involved in nitrogen metabolism were observed in systems that do not. Through this study, we have demonstrated that viral communities are diverse across drinking water systems and vary with the use of residual disinfectant. Our findings offer directions for future research to develop a more robust understanding of how virus-bacteria interactions in drinking water distribution systems affect water quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases, previous research on viruses in drinking water has focused on tracking and eliminating human viral pathogens (Dong et al, 2010; Gall et al, 2015; Petrovich et al, 2020; Rao et al, 1981; Ye et al, 2012). For example, researchers have tracked specific human viruses with qPCR to understand their distribution throughout drinking water treatment plants and distribution systems (Albinana-Gimenez et al, 2006; Samhan et al, 2015; Ye et al, 2012). While research on the presence and fate of human viruses is essential for assessing drinking water quality, the impacts of bacterial viruses, commonly referred to as bacteriophages (or phages), have rarely been addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Snapshot of the Global Drinking Water Virome: Diversity and Metabolic Potential Vary with Residual Disinfectant Use

Hegarty

Dai

Raskin

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, community benefits from estuaries are under increasing threat from pollution due to progressive urbanization and population growth [ 2 ]. Fecal contamination is one of the leading threats to public health in these systems, via exposure to harmful organisms during aquatic recreation [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli Survival in Estuarine Bank Sediments

Siddiqee

Henry

Coulthard

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Estuarine bank sediments have the potential to support the survival and growth of fecal indicator organisms, including Escherichia coli. However, survival of fecal pathogens in estuarine sediments is not well researched and therefore remains a significant knowledge gap regarding public health risks in estuaries. In this study, simultaneous survival of Escherichia coli and a fecal pathogen, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, was studied for 21 days in estuarine bank sediment microcosms. Observed growth patterns for both organisms were comparable under four simulated scenarios; for continuous-desiccation, extended-desiccation, periodic-inundation, and continuous-inundation systems, logarithmic decay coefficients were 1.54/day, 1.51/day, 0.14/day, and 0.20/day, respectively, for E. coli, and 1.72/day, 1.64/day, 0.21/day, and 0.24/day for S. Typhimurium. Re-wetting of continuous-desiccated systems resulted in potential re-growth, suggesting survival under moisture-limited conditions. Key findings from this study include: (i) Bank sediments can potentially support human pathogens (S. Typhimurium), (ii) inundation levels influence the survival of fecal bacteria in estuarine bank sediments, and (iii) comparable survival rates of S. Typhimurium and E. coli implies the latter could be a reliable fecal indicator in urban estuaries. The results from this study will help select suitable monitoring and management strategies for safer recreational activities in urban estuaries.

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Bioconjugated Quantum Dots in Rapid Detection of Water Microbial Load: An Emerging Technology

Kaur¹,

Singh²,

Yakhmi³

et al. 2019

Advanced Research in Nanosciences for Water Technology

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Detection and Occurrence of Indicator Organisms and Pathogens

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

A Snapshot of the Global Drinking Water Virome: Diversity and Metabolic Potential Vary with Residual Disinfectant Use

A Snapshot of the Global Drinking Water Virome: Diversity and Metabolic Potential Vary with Residual Disinfectant Use

Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli Survival in Estuarine Bank Sediments

Bioconjugated Quantum Dots in Rapid Detection of Water Microbial Load: An Emerging Technology

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